The general consensus is that the GRE is harder than the high school exams but easier than the other graduate exams. In other words, the GRE is harder than the SAT and ACT but less challenging than the GMAT, LSAT, and MCAT.
However, difficulty is subjective, so the most relevant answer depends highly on you! There are all kinds of factors to consider. For example:
- How long has it been since you’ve studied math?
- How much reading do you do?
- What schools are you aiming for?
- How well do you handle the pressure of standardized tests?
So, let’s look at some different comparisons so that you can better gauge how hard the GRE will be for you.
Table of Contents
- Comparing the GRE’s Structure to Other Exams
- Comparing Test Content
- How Competitive is the GRE Test?
- A More Detailed Comparison of Exams with Sample Questions
- GRE Sample Questions
- GRE vs Paper SAT
- GRE vs Digital SAT
- GRE vs ACT
- GRE vs GMAT
- GRE vs LSAT
- GRE vs MCAT
- How Can I Improve My GRE Score?
Comparing the GRE’s Structure to Other Exams
Length
At just under 2 hours long, the GRE is the shortest of the main standardized tests. This makes the GRE easier in the sense that it’s less of an endurance battle. As with all standardized tests, you’ll still need to practice your pacing and build up your stamina. But at least you won’t have to endure the exam for 7 hours like the MCAT!
One important thing to keep in mind is that the GRE has no scheduled breaks. Many tests tend to either have optional (like the GMAT Focus) or forced breaks (like the SAT) between certain sections. The GRE, however, continues on from each section to the next until the very end.
Number of Questions
However, the GRE’s shorter test time means fewer questions, which creates challenges: missing just a few questions can have a larger impact on your final score.
The GRE has 54 total questions (27 math and 27 verbal), along with 1 essay to write.
- That’s 10 fewer than the GMAT Focus (64 questions)
- Almost 50 less than the Digital SAT (98 questions)
- Almost 50 less than the LSAT (typically 100 questions)
- And 100 less than the old Paper SAT, which had 154 questions
Time Per Question
The number of questions isn’t the whole picture. Rather, the average time allotted per question tells us more. In particular, it gives you an idea of how difficult the test makers think their own questions are.
Exam | Math | Verbal |
---|---|---|
Digital SAT | 1.59 min / question | 1.18 min / question |
GRE | 1.75 min / question | 1.50 min / question |
GMAT Focus | 2.15 min / question | 1.96 min / question |
Notice how the Digital SAT provides much less time per question. This is because its questions are generally more straightforward. The SAT may give you a shorter reading passage to unpack or a math equation that’s already much closer to being solved.
Contrast this with the harder GMAT Focus, which gives you nearly 2 (or more!) minutes per question. The GMAT’s Critical Reasoning questions can be much more challenging to process, and its math problems can require much more analytical thinking.
Section Adaptivity
The GRE is section adaptive. This means that, for example, how well you perform on the first math section dictates how difficult the second math section will be. So, if you do well on the first section, you’re going to see tougher questions on the second. (But that’s a good thing! That means you have a chance at a higher score.)
However, that section adaptivity is a very different experience from the old Paper SAT which couldn’t adjust to your performance. All those Paper SAT questions were predetermined ahead of time from the start. (Note: The newer Digital SAT is also section adaptive, so it’s similar to the GRE now.)
The GMAT is different because it’s what is known as “question adaptive.” This means that within a single section, your earlier performance determines each next question that you’ll see. If you’re doing very well, the GMAT is going to keep giving you more and more difficult questions each time.
Comparing Test Content
Math: Topics You’ve Seen Before…
The GRE math section may make you nervous if you haven’t dealt with numbers in a while. However, the good news is that it doesn’t test very advanced math. In fact, the range of topics is less than what’s on the high school exams.
Most of the math—and certainly what most commonly appears—on the GRE was covered in high school up through an Algebra II class. This means you’ll be tested on things like algebraic equations, geometry, quadratic equations, and basic statistics. However, more complicated subjects that you may have encountered in high school like trigonometry or calculus are NOT tested.
Math: …But Unique Question Types
Around half of your math questions will be the tried-and-true Multiple Choice format you’ve seen your whole life. You will also see an occasional Numeric Entry (think fill-in-the-blank) question where you have to directly supply the answer. All of this is quite similar to the question formats seen on the SAT.
However, one third of the math portion is a unique question type called Quantitative Comparison. The basic idea is that you’re given two quantities (or more likely, expressions), and you’ll need to determine if one is bigger than the other, equivalent, or impossible to say due to sufficient information.
If you’ve never practiced this question type before, it can be perplexing. But once you familiarize yourself with the strategies needed to approach this question type, it becomes more doable.
Verbal: Standard Reading Comprehension…
Around 40% of the questions on the Verbal section will be in a format that you’re used to. There’s a passage you have to read, and then there’s a multiple choice question that generally involves identifying a detail, purpose, or inference from the passage. Pretty much all of the main standardized tests have various flavors of this question type.
GRE passages range from a couple to several paragraphs in length, so they’re longer than what you’ll encounter in the Digital SAT. However, they’re often much shorter than the long passages found on the LSAT, which often ask around 7 questions per passage.
With that said, GRE Reading Comprehension can definitely be tricky if you’re not used to reading graduate-level passages (such as those in The New York Times or Scientific American). These passages will often be more advanced than what you’ve seen on the SAT. Thus, it’s good to develop a steady diet of reading those kinds of passages now rather than later.
Verbal: …But Multitudinous Vocabulary Words
Multi-what-now? The most difficult aspect of the GRE is arguably that it tests you on advanced and unfamiliar vocabulary words. These sometimes show up in the Reading Comprehension passages, but they definitely show up in the Text Completion and Sentence Equivalence question types. Those question types involve filling in missing words in a sentence or paragraph to create a complete and coherent meaning.
If you’re not a native speaker of English, advanced vocabulary can be especially taxing. And even if you’re a native speaker, you’re probably not using these words in your everyday life. So, in addition to a steady diet of reading, familiarizing yourself with high-frequency vocabulary words is another important thing to start studying early.
Writing: Standard Essay and Separate from Total Score
The Issue Task is an essay that’s similar to the kind of writing you’ve done in high school. You’ll need to analyze a situation, form a thesis, and then provide support for your position. And you’ll want to write in a clear, organized manner.
It’s important to note that this essay is graded separately and doesn’t factor into your overall score. As a result, this essay tends not to be as crucial to your application (though, it depends on your field of study).
How Competitive is the GRE Test?
Knowing what score you need to achieve will greatly influence your perception of the test. Check out our article GRE Score Percentiles – What Does Your Score Mean for You? for all the details. Of course, it depends what schools you’re aiming for as well as your field of study. But suffice it to say that, at a minimum, you’ll want to target being above the 50th or, even better, the 60th percentile. That typically means you’re aiming for around a 155 in Verbal and in Math, yielding a total score between 306 and 310.
What does it take to score higher than 50% or 60% of GRE test takers? One of the best ways to find out is to take a free GRE practice test. Not only will that give you a feel for how difficult the GRE is, but it will also give you a good benchmark for where you currently stand. You’ll also get an idea of your strengths and weaknesses and how much you need to work on.
Now, we just talked about what a good score is in general. But if you’re aiming for a top university, the competition is more intense, and you’ll want an even higher score.
A More Detailed Comparison of Exams with Sample Questions
GRE Sample Questions
Before we dive into the other exams, here are the sample GRE questions that we’ll use to make comparisons:
- Quantitative Comparison example question: this question type is unique, and this particular example requires some careful reasoning to think through all the possibilities.
- Reading Comprehension example question: though the GRE does have standard multiple choice questions, this is another example of an unusual format. This is also an example of a Short Passage. Be aware that there are longer passages that are doubled or triple this length.
- Text Completion example question: this is another unique question type. Also, this particular example has two blanks in the paragraph, but it can be anywhere from one to three blanks.
GRE vs Paper SAT
Category | GRE | Paper SAT |
---|---|---|
Difficulty Consensus | Harder | Easier |
Total Time | 2 hours | 3 hours |
Total Questions | 54 (27 Math, 27 Verbal) | 154 (58 Math, 96 Verbal) |
Math: Subjects | Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, Statistics | Same plus Trigonometry |
Math: Time Per Question | 1.75 min | 1.38 min |
Verbal: Passage Length | Fill-in-Blank: 20 to 80 words Reading: 100 to 500 words |
400 to 750 words |
Verbal: Time Per Question | 1.50 min | 1.25 min |
Writing Section | 1 Essay (30 min) | 1 Optional Essay (50 min) |
Unique Question Types | Quantitative Comparison, Text Completion, Sentence Equivalence | None |
Special Trait | Emphasis on vocabulary | Separate calculator-allowed and no-calculator math questions |
If you took the SAT before it became the Digital SAT, then this is the section for you. If not, jump down to the next section.
Why was the Paper SAT considered an easier test? Though it was a longer test with more questions, those questions were typically not considered as difficult since they didn’t require as much critical reasoning.
Here’s a Paper SAT math question as an example. As long as you’re familiar with the algebraic concepts, this problem can be solved rather mechanically. Contrast that with the GRE QC example from earlier that requires a lot more reasoning. This isn’t to say that the SAT never requires you to apply critical thinking. It’s just that the GRE tests you a lot more on it.
As for verbal, here’s a Paper SAT Reading Comprehension question. A few key differences stand out. It’s a fiction passage, which you won’t see on the GRE. It’s also much longer in length than any passage you’ll see on the GRE. As for the question itself, it’s more of a check on what you read. In the GRE RC example from earlier, that’s testing how you read through complicated sentence structures and unpacked the author’s ideas. (Again, that’s not to say that the SAT never tests how you read; it’s just that the GRE is much more interested in that.)
GRE vs Digital SAT
Category | GRE | Digital SAT |
---|---|---|
Difficulty Consensus | Harder | Easier |
Total Time | 2 hours | 2 hours and 15 minutes |
Total Questions | 54 (27 Math, 27 Verbal) | 98 (44 Math, 54 Verbal) |
Math: Subjects | Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, Statistics | Same plus Trigonometry |
Math: Time Per Question | 1.75 min | 1.59 min |
Verbal: Passage Length | Fill-in-Blank: 20 to 80 words Reading: 100 to 500 words |
25 to 150 words |
Verbal: Time Per Question | 1.50 min | 1.19 min |
Writing Section | 1 Essay (30 min) | SAT School Day only: 1 Essay (50 min) |
Unique Question Types | Quantitative Comparison, Text Completion, Sentence Equivalence | Rhetorical Synthesis |
Special Trait | Emphasis on vocabulary | Section adaptive |
It’s a similar story here: the Digital SAT is less difficult than the GRE. The overhaul of the SAT includes new question types and features (including section adaptivity, just like the GRE). But these new questions are still more straightforward than what’s on the GRE.
This Digital SAT math question example is actually the same as the Paper SAT math example, so the earlier discussion still applies. In brief, the GRE QC example requires you to reason through a lot more possibilities vs. just solving rotely.
Verbal questions have changed a lot in the new format, so here’s a Digital SAT Reading Comprehension example. On the Digital SAT, there are many new verbal question types, and a lot of them are more concerned with how you read. But notice how this passage is much simpler in its structure than the GRE RC example from earlier. The GRE passage interjects a lot of different ideas into the discussion through more complicated sentence structures. Its vocabulary level is also higher. In short, the GRE passage requires more thought and analysis to arrive at the correct answer.
GRE vs ACT
Category | GRE | ACT |
---|---|---|
Difficulty Consensus | Harder | Easier |
Total Time | 2 hours | 2 hours and 55 minutes |
Total Questions | 54 (27 Math, 27 Verbal) | 215 (60 Math, 80 “Verbal”, 75 English) |
Math: Subjects | Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, Statistics | Same plus Trigonometry |
Math: Time Per Question | 1.75 min | 1.00 min |
Verbal: Passage Length | Fill-in-Blank: 20 to 80 words Reading: 100 to 500 words |
~850 words |
Verbal: Time Per Question | 1.50 min | 1.14 min |
Writing Section | 1 Essay (30 min) | 1 Optional Essay (40 min) |
Unique Question Types | Quantitative Comparison, Text Completion, Sentence Equivalence | English (Grammar), Science (Scientific Reasoning) |
Special Trait | Emphasis on vocabulary | Tests quick decision making |
The typical opinion—though it’s of course subjective—is that, yes, the ACT is less challenging than the GRE. And it really boils down to the amount of critical thinking required. The GRE asks more complicated questions that are harder to parse whereas the ACT is more about testing quick decision making. (You barely get more than a minute per question on the ACT!)
In terms of math, the ACT—like the SAT—tests a wider variety of topics. However, the questions it asks are generally more straightforward. Here’s an example ACT math question where, if you know the algebra, you can jump right into simplifying the equation. Contrast this with the GRE QC example from earlier where the GRE is really testing your thought process as opposed to algebraic skills.
As far as Verbal, the Reading section of the ACT is the closest match. Here’s an example of an ACT Reading passage. As with the Paper SAT, this passage is much longer than what’s encountered on the GRE. The ACT also asks a lot of questions about each passage in a short amount of time. Because of this, its questions tend to be more to the point than what’s on the GRE. And though the ACT will test vocabulary, it doesn’t have specific question types devoted to it like the GRE does.
Though the GRE doesn’t directly test grammar like the ACT’s English section, having a solid grasp of grammar is still helpful. It can help you navigate tricky sentence structures on Text Completion questions. And though the GRE doesn’t directly test scientific reasoning like the ACT’s Science section, the ability to read graphs is very important for Data Interpretation questions.
GRE vs GMAT
Category | GRE | GMAT |
---|---|---|
Difficulty Consensus | Easier | Harder |
Total Time | 2 hours | 2 hours and 15 minutes |
Total Questions | 54 (27 Math, 27 Verbal) | 64 (20 Data Insights, 21 Math, 23 Verbal) |
Math: Subjects | Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, Statistics | Same except no Geometry |
Math: Time Per Question | 1.75 min | 2.15 min |
Verbal: Passage Length | Fill-in-Blank: 20 to 80 words Reading: 100 to 500 words |
100 to 500 words |
Verbal: Time Per Question | 1.50 min | 1.96 min |
Writing Section | 1 Essay (30 min) | None |
Unique Question Types | Quantitative Comparison, Text Completion, Sentence Equivalence | Data Sufficiency, Multi-Source Reasoning, Two-Part Analysis |
Special Trait | Emphasis on vocabulary | Question adaptive |
It depends who you ask, but the majority will likely say that the GMAT is the tougher test. A large part of this is due to the fact that the GMAT is question adaptive (vs. the GRE’s section adaptivity). The more questions you answer right on the GMAT, the more formidable they become as you proceed through a section.
Additionally, and on par with the GRE, the GMAT has a lot of unique question types. These are concentrated in its Data Insights section, which includes a format known as Data Sufficiency. Here’s a sample GMAT Data Sufficiency question. It takes the critical thinking required in the earlier GRE QC example to a whole new level.
Math and Verbal
First of all, it’s important to highlight the difference in question distribution between the two exams. The GRE is half verbal and half math. However, the GMAT is one-third verbal and two-thirds math (given the focus on mathematical reasoning skills in the Data Insights section).
As far as traditional math questions, the GMAT is pretty similar. One important thing to note is that, unlike the GRE, the GMAT does not test geometry concepts. So, if you’re weak in geometry, that may make the GMAT’s math section more appealing to you.
Verbal is where the comparison gets trickier. The Reading Comprehension questions on both exams are comparable. However, GMAT will throw a lot more Critical Reasoning (also called Paragraph Arguments) questions at you. Here’s an example of a GMAT Critical Reasoning question. So, if you struggle with that question type, the GRE is more likely to be your friend than the GMAT.
With that said, the GRE places a heavy emphasis on vocabulary in its Text Completion (see earlier example) and Sentence Equivalence question types. The GMAT will occasionally test vocabulary in Reading Comprehension, but to a much lesser degree. So, if vocabulary is a weakness for you, then the GRE may cause you some trepidation.
For an even more in-depth look at the GRE vs the GMAT across all aspects, check out the article GMAT vs. GRE: How Are They Different?
GRE vs LSAT
Category | GRE | LSAT |
---|---|---|
Difficulty Consensus | Easier | Harder |
Total Time | 2 hours | 2 hours and 20 minutes |
Total Questions | 54 (27 Math, 27 Verbal) | ~100 (100 Verbal) |
Math: Subjects | Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, Statistics | None |
Math: Time Per Question | 1.75 min | – |
Verbal: Passage Length | Fill-in-Blank: 20 to 80 words Reading: 100 to 500 words |
Logical Reasoning: ~50 to 100 words Reading: ~450 words |
Verbal: Time Per Question | 1.50 min | 1.40 min |
Writing Section | 1 Essay (30 min) | 1 Essay (50 min) but taken separately |
Unique Question Types | Quantitative Comparison, Text Completion, Sentence Equivalence | None |
Special Trait | Emphasis on vocabulary | Verbal only |
There’s not a great answer here since the two exams are quite different. In terms of Verbal, the LSAT is more demanding. For math, the opposite is true, but that’s kind of cheating because the LSAT doesn’t have any math!
For Verbal, the LSAT is full of dense and complex reading passages, all of which ask you around 7 questions each. The volume of questions alone makes it more grueling. Additionally, the LSAT has at least two full sections of Logical Reasoning, which is what is called Critical Reasoning (or Paragraph Arguments) on the GRE. So, if you really don’t like that question type, you should consider taking the GRE instead. For examples of both RC and LR question types, see this article.
The GRE is probably sounding more appealing at this point! However, keep in mind that the LSAT doesn’t test vocabulary, whereas the GRE has multiple question types devoted to it.
For an even more in-depth discussion, see the article LSAT vs. GRE Difficulty: Which Test Presents a Greater Challenge?
GRE vs MCAT
Category | GRE | MCAT |
---|---|---|
Difficulty Consensus | Easier | Harder |
Total Time | 2 hours | 6 hours and 15 minutes |
Total Questions | 54 (27 Math, 27 Verbal) | 230 |
Math: Subjects | Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, Statistics | No math section but some questions may require math |
Math: Time Per Question | 1.75 min | – |
Verbal: Passage Length | Fill-in-Blank: 20 to 80 words Reading: 100 to 500 words |
500 to 600 words |
Verbal: Time Per Question | 1.50 min | 1.6 to 1.7 min |
Writing Section | 1 Essay (30 min) | None |
Unique Question Types | Quantitative Comparison, Text Completion, Sentence Equivalence | Science questions |
Special Trait | Emphasis on vocabulary | It’s like running a marathon and then running some more |
There’s a clear “winner” here in terms of difficulty. The MCAT is quite the ordeal, clocking in at over 7 hours with breaks included. You could take 3 GREs in a row, and yet someone else would still be taking the MCAT!
The MCAT, of course, tests all kinds of science knowledge, from biology to chemistry to psychology. So, if you’re taking the MCAT, be prepared to study a lot of different topics. And be prepared to study for a long time. If you’re curious about sample MCAT questions, you can find those here.
How Can I Improve My GRE Score?
Only you as an individual can truly answer the question “How hard is the GRE?” But whether the GRE seems daunting to you or not too bad, Magoosh is here to help! Consider a Magoosh GRE Premium Plan if you want to master the content of and the strategies for the exam. Magoosh has all the lessons and practice questions you need to achieve a high score and get into your ideal school.
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