{"id":2912,"date":"2016-03-02T08:00:24","date_gmt":"2016-03-02T16:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/?p=2912"},"modified":"2020-12-10T13:44:03","modified_gmt":"2020-12-10T21:44:03","slug":"punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/","title":{"rendered":"Punctuation in English Academic Writing, Part 2: Parentheses and Quotation Marks"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In my <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-1-period-comma-colon-and-semicolon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">last post on this subject<\/a>, we looked at four punctuation marks used largely to indicate <em>grammar<\/em>: the period (.), the comma (,), the colon (:), and the semicolon (,). Today, we\u2019ll look at two very important punctuation marks that indicate <em>types of information<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Both parentheses and quotation marks come in pairs, with information put <em>in between<\/em> the paired punctuation marks. The main difference between these two types of punctuation (other than their physical appearance) is the kind of information they mark off and enclose.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Parentheses<br \/>\n<\/strong>Parentheses are a pair of marks that look like this: (). Additional information or explanations about something can be placed in parentheses. You can see examples of this immediately above, in the second paragraph of this post. See where I used the parentheses? I\u2019ve also used parentheses to show you what each of the preceding four punctuation marks in this series looks like. But I didn\u2019t do that with parentheses themselves. I introduced those with a colon, because putting parentheses inside parentheses would just be weird!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Quotation marks<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Quotation marks are the punctuation marks that look like this: \u201c\u201d. Like parenthesis, quotation marks appear at both ends of certain types of information in written English.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">One type of information that quotation marks surround is a <em>quotation<\/em>, the exact words of a person or other scholarly source. Quotation marks can also surround words or phrases whose meanings are being discussed within the writing. To give an example of this, in Part 1 of this series I mentioned that a period is sometimes also called a \u201cdot.\u201d I placed the word \u201cdot\u201d In quotation marks because its meaning was being examined and defined within my explanation of periods.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">But what if you are quoting a source that\u2019s already using quotation marks? Do you have quotation marks inside quotation marks? The answer to that is yes, <em>sort of<\/em>. When a quotation that <em>contains<\/em> quotation marks is quoted in a new piece of writing, the whole quote is put inside quotation marks, but the original quotation marks are replaced with apostrophes. Sound strange? Well, here\u2019s how it looks:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><em>Original sentences (from Part of English Punctuation in Academic Writing):<br \/>\n<\/em>When used in Web or email addresses, the period is called a \u201cdot.\u201d That\u2019s why web-based businesses are sometimes called \u201cdot coms.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><em>Original sentences, restated as a quote in this new post:<br \/>\n<\/em>As I stated in my previous post, \u201cWhen used in web or email addresses, the period is called a \u2018dot.\u2019 That\u2019s why web-based businesses are sometimes called \u2018dot coms.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The use of apostrophes as internal quotation marks within a quote is not very common, although it does occasionally come up in academic writing. Apostrophes have two other uses in academic writing. And between all three uses, apostrophes are an important punctuation mark in formal written English. In the next post in this series, we\u2019ll take a closer look at apostrophes and two other significant players in the punctuation of written academic English: the exclamation point and the question mark.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In my last post on this subject, we looked at four punctuation marks used largely to indicate grammar: the period (.), the comma (,), the colon (:), and the semicolon (,). Today, we\u2019ll look at two very important punctuation marks that indicate types of information. Both parentheses and quotation marks come in pairs, with information [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13603],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[13630],"class_list":["post-2912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-grammar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Punctuation in English Academic Writing, Part 2: Parentheses and Quotation Marks - Magoosh Blog \u2013 TOEFL\u00ae\ufe0f Test<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Punctuation in English Academic Writing, Part 2: Parentheses and Quotation Marks\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In my last post on this subject, we looked at four punctuation marks used largely to indicate grammar: the period (.), the comma (,), the colon (:), and the semicolon (,). Today, we\u2019ll look at two very important punctuation marks that indicate types of information. Both parentheses and quotation marks come in pairs, with information [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Magoosh Blog \u2013 TOEFL\u00ae\ufe0f Test\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/MagooshTOEFL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MagooshEnglishLearning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-03-02T16:00:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-12-10T21:44:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/files\/2016\/09\/Facebook-SEO-Default.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"David Recine\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@MagooshTOEFL\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@MagooshTOEFL\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"David Recine\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/\",\"name\":\"Punctuation in English Academic Writing, Part 2: Parentheses and Quotation Marks - Magoosh Blog \u2013 TOEFL\u00ae\ufe0f Test\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2016-03-02T16:00:24+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/#\/schema\/person\/fa2be5405a605e37f4199c90e2236768\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/punctuation-in-english-academic-writing-part-2-parentheses-and-quotation-marks\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Punctuation in English Academic Writing, Part 2: Parentheses and Quotation Marks\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/\",\"name\":\"Magoosh Blog \u2013 TOEFL\u00ae\ufe0f Test\",\"description\":\"Online TOEFL Preparation\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/#\/schema\/person\/fa2be5405a605e37f4199c90e2236768\",\"name\":\"David Recine\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/de262e64bb4e3e488753d8c58ff3cc70\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b70c17ee6f3ef87dc4cc5dbdebda911d6dd30dfe15845e4b1d459a3e1b33ef98?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b70c17ee6f3ef87dc4cc5dbdebda911d6dd30dfe15845e4b1d459a3e1b33ef98?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"David Recine\"},\"description\":\"David is a Test Prep Expert for Magoosh TOEFL and IELTS. 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Additionally, he's helped students with TOEIC, PET, FCE, BULATS, Eiken, SAT, ACT, GRE, and GMAT. David has a BS and MA from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and an MA from the University of Wisconsin-River Falls.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MagooshEnglishLearning","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/david-recine\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCra3KQoJlOP7RYwaCyH2qew"],"knowsAbout":["TOEFL","IELTS","TOEIC","PET","FCE","BULATS","Eiken","SAT","ACT","GRE","GMAT"],"knowsLanguage":["English","Italian"],"jobTitle":"Content Creator","worksFor":"Magoosh","url":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/author\/davidr\/"}]}},"authors":[{"term_id":13630,"user_id":80,"is_guest":0,"slug":"davidr","display_name":"David Recine","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b70c17ee6f3ef87dc4cc5dbdebda911d6dd30dfe15845e4b1d459a3e1b33ef98?s=96&d=mm&r=g","user_url":"","last_name":"Recine","first_name":"David","description":"David is a Test Prep Expert for Magoosh TOEFL and IELTS. Additionally, he's helped students with TOEIC, PET, FCE, BULATS, Eiken, SAT, ACT, GRE, and GMAT.\r\n\r\nDavid has a BS from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and an MA from the University of Wisconsin-River Falls. His work at Magoosh has been cited in<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?hl=en&amp;as_sdt=0%2C50&amp;q=Recine+magoosh&amp;btnG=\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> many scholarly articles<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/minds.wisconsin.edu\/handle\/1793\/65479\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> his Master's Thesis<\/a> is featured on the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.readingwithpictures.org\/2013\/09\/research-highlight-teaching-english-language-learners-with-comics\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Reading with Pictures<\/a> website, and he's presented at the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.witesol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/2014-WITESOL-Program-FINAL-10-28-14.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> WITESOL (link to PDF)<\/a> and<a href=\"https:\/\/issuu.com\/interoff\/docs\/nafsaregionv_2014conference\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> NAFSA<\/a> conferences. David has taught K-12 ESL in South Korea as well as undergraduate English and MBA-level business English at American universities. He has also trained English teachers in America, Italy, and Peru.\r\n\r\nCome join David and the Magoosh team on<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCra3KQoJlOP7RYwaCyH2qew\"> Youtube<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MagooshEnglishLearning\"> Facebook<\/a>, and<a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/magooshenglish\/?hl=en\"> Instagram<\/a>, or connect with him via<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/david-recine\/\"> LinkedIn<\/a>!"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/80"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2912"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2912\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2912"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/toefl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}