{"id":4443,"date":"2024-06-19T12:00:14","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T19:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/?p=4443"},"modified":"2024-06-03T16:45:21","modified_gmt":"2024-06-03T23:45:21","slug":"challenging-gmat-coordinate-geometry-practice-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/challenging-gmat-coordinate-geometry-practice-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"Challenging GMAT Coordinate Geometry Practice Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2019\/10\/GMAT-Coordinate-Geometry.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8807\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>This post was updated in 2024 for the new GMAT.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Earlier, we featured a blog of <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-quant-coordinate-geometry-practice-questions\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Coordinate Geometry practice questions<\/a>.\u00a0 Here are eight more questions, some of which are challenging.<\/p>\n<p>1) Graph G has a line of symmetry of x = \u20135\/2.\u00a0 Graph G passes through the point (3, 3).\u00a0 What is the x-coordinate of another point that must have a y-coordinate of 3?<\/p>\n<p>(A) \u20138<\/p>\n<p>(B) \u20137<\/p>\n<p>(C) \u20135<\/p>\n<p>(D) \u20134<\/p>\n<p>(E) 2<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4444\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img1.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img1\" width=\"311\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img1.png 311w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img1-300x265.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 311px) 100vw, 311px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2) In the figure above, the point on segment JK that is four times as far from K as it is from J is:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4445\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img2.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img2\" width=\"87\" height=\"166\" \/><\/p>\n<p>3) Which point is the reflection of the point (\u20137, 5) over the line y = \u2013x?<\/p>\n<p>(A) (\u20137, 5)<\/p>\n<p>(B) (\u20135, 7)<\/p>\n<p>(C) (5, \u20137)<\/p>\n<p>(D) (7, \u20135)<\/p>\n<p>(E) (7, 5)<\/p>\n<p>4) In a coordinate system, P = (2, 7) and Q = (2, \u20133).\u00a0 Which could be the coordinates of R if PQR is an isosceles triangle?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I. (12, \u20133)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II. (\u20136, \u20139)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 III. (\u2013117, 2)<\/p>\n<p>(A) I only<\/p>\n<p>(B) I and II only<\/p>\n<p>(C) I and III only<\/p>\n<p>(D) II and III only<\/p>\n<p>(E) I, II, and III<\/p>\n<p>5) Point W = (5, 3).\u00a0 Circle J has a center at point W and radius of r = 5.\u00a0 This circle intersects the y-axis at one intercept and the x-axis at two intercepts.\u00a0 What is the area of the triangle formed by these three intercepts?<\/p>\n<p>(A) 7.5<\/p>\n<p>(B) 12<\/p>\n<p>(C) 15<\/p>\n<p>(D) 24<\/p>\n<p>(E) 30<\/p>\n<p>6) Line M has a y-intercept of \u20134, and its slope must be an integer-multiple of 1\/7.\u00a0 Given that Line M passes below (4, \u20131) and above (5, \u20136), how many possible slopes could Line M have?<\/p>\n<p>(A) 6<\/p>\n<p>(B) 7<\/p>\n<p>(C) 8<\/p>\n<p>(D) 9<\/p>\n<p>(E) 10<\/p>\n<p>7) Line Q has the equation 5y \u2013 3x = 45.\u00a0 If Line S is perpendicular to Q, has an integer for its y-intercept, and intersects Q in the second quadrant, then how many possible Line S&#8217;s exist?\u00a0 (Note: Intersections on one of the axes do not count.)<\/p>\n<p>(A) 25<\/p>\n<p>(B) 33<\/p>\n<p>(C) 36<\/p>\n<p>(D) 41<\/p>\n<p>(E) 58<\/p>\n<p>8) In the x-y plane, point (p, q) is a lattice point if both p and q are integers.\u00a0 Circle C has a center at (\u20132, 1) and a radius of 6.\u00a0 Some points, such as the center (\u20132, 1), are inside the circle, but a point such as (4, 1) is <i>on<\/i> the circle but not <i>in<\/i> the circle.\u00a0 How many lattice points are in circle C?<\/p>\n<p>(A) 36<\/p>\n<p>(B) 72<\/p>\n<p>(C) 89<\/p>\n<p>(D) 96<\/p>\n<p>(E) 109<\/p>\n<h2>Some relevant blogs<\/h2>\n<p>Here are some blogs that you may find germane.\u00a0 If you look at one of these and have an &#8220;aha!&#8221;, then you might want to look over these problems again.<\/p>\n<p>1) <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/quadrants-on-the-gmat-the-cartesian-plane\/\">Quadrants in the x-y plane<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2) <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-math-special-properties-of-the-line-y-x\/\">Special Properties of the line y = x<\/a><\/p>\n<p>3) <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-coordinate-geometry-distance-between-two-points\/\">Distance between two points<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4) <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-math-lines-slope-in-the-x-y-plane\/\">Slopes<\/a><\/p>\n<p>5) <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-math-midpoints-and-parallel-vs-perpendicular-lines\/\">Midpoints and Parallel &amp; Perpendicular lines<\/a><\/p>\n<p>6) <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/the-pythagorean-theorem-on-the-gmat\/\">The Pythagorean Theorem<\/a><\/p>\n<p>7) <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/pythagorean-triplets-to-memorize-for-the-gmat\/\">Pythagorean Triplets<\/a><\/p>\n<p>If you found this problems helpful or have a question about any after reading the TE, please let us know in the comments section.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4446\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img3.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img3\" width=\"505\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img3.png 505w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img3-300x256.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Explanations to the practice questions<\/h2>\n<p>1) The line of symmetry is x = \u20132.5.\u00a0 The point (3, 3) is 3 \u2013 (\u20132.5) = 5.5 to the right of this line of symmetry.\u00a0 It&#8217;s reflection must be 5.5 units to the left of the line of symmetry, so (\u20132.5) \u2013 (5.5) = \u20138 is the x-coordinate.\u00a0 Answer = <b>(A)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>2) Call the point P.\u00a0 Then, PK = 4*JP.\u00a0 Of course, JP + PK = JK, so JP + 4*JP = 5*JP = JK, and JP = (1\/5)*JK. \u00a0Point P should be one fifth of the segment away from J.\u00a0 This would be the point (\u20131, 3).\u00a0 Answer = <b>(A)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>3) The point (\u20137, 5) is in the second quadrant, relatively close to the line y = \u2013x, so the reflection would have to be another point in the second quadrant, and the only answer choice in the second quadrant not equal to the original point is <b>(B)<\/b>, (\u20135, 7).\u00a0 This question is very easy to solve by visual\/spatial reasoning.<\/p>\n<p>For those who want to know the &#8220;rule&#8221;: when a point is reflected over the line y = \u2013x, the coordinates are reversed, and each one takes on its opposite sign.\u00a0 The \u20137 becomes +7, and the +5 becomes \u20135, and they switch places, which also results in <b>(B)<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>4) Notice that points P &amp; Q are separated by 10 units vertically.<\/p>\n<p>I. R = (12, \u20133)<\/p>\n<p>Then, point R is 10 units to the right of Q, so we get a big 45-45-90 Right Isosceles Triangle:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4447\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img4.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img4\" width=\"441\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img4.png 613w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img4-300x243.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Option I works.<\/p>\n<p>II.\u00a0 R = (\u20136, \u20139)<\/p>\n<p>This is tricky.\u00a0 This left 8 and down 6 from Q, so the triangle formed by the x &amp; y separations between Q and this R form a 6-8-10 right triangle, and the distance QR = 10, making this an isosceles triangle as well.\u00a0 This little 6-8-10 triangle on the QR connection is show in dashed lines:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4448\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img5.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img5\" width=\"396\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img5.png 566w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img5-235x300.png 235w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Option II works.<\/p>\n<p>III.\u00a0 R = (\u2013117, 2)<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s a mistake to do any calculations at all with this one.\u00a0 The line y = 2 is the perpendicular bisector of PQ:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4449\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img6.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img6\" width=\"434\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img6.png 724w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img6-300x194.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>This is an important Geometry idea: any point on the perpendicular bisector of a segment is automatically equidistant from the two endpoints of the segment.\u00a0 This means, we could pick absolutely any point on the line y = 2, call it R, and this point R would be equidistant from P &amp; Q, making PQR an isosceles triangle.\u00a0 The point R = (\u2013117, 2) is on this perpendicular bisector, so it is equidistant from P &amp; Q, and PQR must therefore be isosceles.<\/p>\n<p>Option III works.<\/p>\n<p>Each of the three options works.\u00a0 Answer = <b>(E)<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>5) Well, if we go 5 units to the left of (5, 3), we&#8217;re at (0, 3): that&#8217;s the single y-intercept of the circle.<\/p>\n<p>Now, think about the two x-intercepts.\u00a0 Each one is a diagonal distance of r = 5 from (5, 3), and if we may a right triangle on either side, the vertical leg is the distance from (5, 3) straight down to the x-axis, which of course is 3.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4450\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img7.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img7\" width=\"403\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img7.png 504w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img7-300x252.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Those two purple triangles must be 3-4-5 triangles, which means each one has a base of 4, and the distance between the two of them is 8.\u00a0 One is at (1, 0) and the other is at (9, 0).<\/p>\n<p>Now, think about the triangle formed by these three intercepts.\u00a0 The base, from (1,0) to (9, 0) is 8, and while the third vertex is off-center, that doesn&#8217;t matter &#8212; the height is h = 3.\u00a0 A = (0.5)bh = (0.5)(8)(3) = 12.\u00a0 Answer = <b>(B)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>6) Well, for starters, zero is a multiple of every number, and a line with slope zero, the horizontal line y = \u20134 passes below (4, \u20131) and above (5, \u20136).\u00a0 That&#8217;s horizontal line is our starting point.<\/p>\n<p>The point (4, \u20131) is over 4, up 3 from the y-intercept (0, \u20134).\u00a0 A line with a slope of +3\/4 would go straight from (0, \u20134) to (4, \u20131).\u00a0 Thus, we need a slope that is less than +3\/4.\u00a0 Notice that 3\/4 = 21\/28.\u00a0 Notice that 5\/7 = 20\/28, so this would be less than 3\/4.\u00a0 Therefore, +1\/7 through +5\/7 will all slope up, obviously above (5, \u20136), and all will pass below (4, \u20131).\u00a0 That&#8217;s five upward sloping lines.<\/p>\n<p>The point (5, \u20136) is over 5, down 2, from the y-intercept (0, \u20134).\u00a0 A line with a slope of \u20132\/5 would go straight from (0, \u20134) to (5, \u20136).\u00a0 Thus, we need a slope that is more than \u20132\/5; another way to say that is, we need a negative slope whose absolute value is less than +2\/5.\u00a0 Well, 2\/5 = 14\/35, while 2\/7 = 10\/35 and 3\/7 = 15\/35, so (2\/7) &lt; (2\/5) &lt; (3, 7).\u00a0 The negatively sloping lines obviously pass below (4, \u20131), but only two of them, \u20131\/7 and \u20132\/7, pass above (5, \u20136).<\/p>\n<p>That&#8217;s one horizontal line, five upward sloping lines, and two downward sloping lines, for a total of eight.\u00a0 Answer = <b>(C)<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4451\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img8.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img8\" width=\"336\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img8.png 336w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img8-217x300.png 217w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>7)\u00a0 First of all, Line Q 5y \u2013 3x = 45 re-written in slope-intercept form is y = (3\/5)x + 9.\u00a0 Line Q has a y-intercept of +9, so if Line S also has a y-intercept of\u00a0 +9, they would intersect on the y-axis, not in the second quadrant.\u00a0 Therefore, the y-intercept of Line S must be less than 9, and the highest value it could have is a y-intercept of 8.<\/p>\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s think about the bottom end.\u00a0 Line Q has a y-intercept of +9 and an x-intercept of \u201315.\u00a0 Line S, perpendicular to Line Q, must have a slope of \u20135\/3, the negative reciprocal of Line Q&#8217;s slope.\u00a0 If we start at the x-intercept of point Q, the point (\u201315, 0), we would follow the slope of \u20135\/3 over 15 and down 25 to (0, \u201325).\u00a0 If Line S had a y-intercept of \u201325, it would intersect Line Q at (\u201315, 0), on the x-axis, and not in the second quadrant.\u00a0 Therefore, a y-intercept of \u201325 doesn&#8217;t work, and the lowest value that would work is one above it, y-intercept of \u201324.<\/p>\n<p>Any y-intercept less than or equal to +8 and greater than or equal to \u201324 would work.\u00a0 That&#8217;s 8 positive y-intercepts, the intercept of zero at the origin, and 24 negative intercepts, for a total of 8 + 1 + 24 = 33.\u00a0 Answer = <b>(B)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>8) This is a tough question.\u00a0 First of all, obviously, the center a lattice point in the circle.\u00a0 If we move horizontally or vertically, the first 5 lattice points will be inside the circle, and the sixth one will be on the circle, so the points <b><i>on<\/i><\/b> the circle don&#8217;t count as being &#8220;in&#8221; the circle.<\/p>\n<p>Now, we just are going to focus on one quadrant of the circle, the upper right quadrant.\u00a0 Suppose we go over one unit and up the circle.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4452\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img9.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img9\" width=\"265\" height=\"279\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Well, that&#8217;s a right triangle, with hypotenuse of r = 6, and horizontal leg of 1, so\u00a0 if the vertical leg is x, then<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4453\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img10.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img10\" width=\"104\" height=\"81\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Well, the square root of 35 is bigger than 5, so five points in that column are inside the circle.\u00a0 Now, move two units to the right.\u00a0 Again, hypotenuse r = 6, short leg = 2, vertical leg = x, so<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4454\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img11.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img11\" width=\"104\" height=\"78\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Still bigger than 5, so there five points in this second column.\u00a0 Now, move three units to the right.\u00a0 Again, hypotenuse r = 6, short leg = 3, vertical leg = x, so<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4455\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img12.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img12\" width=\"103\" height=\"78\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Still bigger than 5, so there five points in this third column.\u00a0 Here&#8217;s where we are so far:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4456\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img13.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img13\" width=\"264\" height=\"263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img13.png 264w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img13-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Clearly, by symmetry, we can reflect this array over the 45\u00b0 line, to get more points in the circle:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4457\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img14.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img14\" width=\"247\" height=\"255\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Because that row at a height of 5 only is 3 points wide, we know that the column 5 units to the right can only be 3 points height.\u00a0 We\u00a0 have to check that highest point in the column 4 units to the right.\u00a0 Again, hypotenuse r = 6, short leg = 4, vertical leg = x, so<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6839\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/04\/AAAA.jpg\" alt=\"AAAA\" width=\"110\" height=\"127\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Clearly, this is bigger than 4, so that fourth column can be four points high.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4459\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img16.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img16\" width=\"254\" height=\"259\" \/><\/p>\n<p>That completes the quadrant.\u00a0 Within the quadrant, that\u2019s 5 + 5 + 5 + 4 + 3 = 22 points.\u00a0 Multiply that by four, and that&#8217;s 88 points within the four quadrants.\u00a0 Add the 20 points on the vertical &amp; horizontal segments, and the one point at the center, and we have 88 + 20 + 1 = 109.\u00a0 Answer = <b>(E)<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4460\" src=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img17.png\" alt=\"cgpq_img17\" width=\"397\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img17.png 496w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img17-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2014\/03\/cgpq_img17-300x298.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 397px) 100vw, 397px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This post was updated in 2024 for the new GMAT. Earlier, we featured a blog of Coordinate Geometry practice questions.\u00a0 Here are eight more questions, some of which are challenging. 1) Graph G has a line of symmetry of x = \u20135\/2.\u00a0 Graph G passes through the point (3, 3).\u00a0 What is the x-coordinate of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[13209],"class_list":["post-4443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-geometry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>GMAT Coordinate Geometry Practice | Magoosh Study Resources<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"GMAT coordinate geometry problems stumping you? 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