{"id":1357,"date":"2012-03-23T15:02:12","date_gmt":"2012-03-23T22:02:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/?p=1357"},"modified":"2020-01-15T10:50:50","modified_gmt":"2020-01-15T18:50:50","slug":"gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/","title":{"rendered":"GMAT Grammar: Adjectival Phrases and Clauses"},"content":{"rendered":"

Deepen your comprehension of these complex grammatical forms so you use them effectively on GMAT Sentence Correction<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

What is an adjectival phrase?\u00a0 What is an adjectival clause?\u00a0 What’s the difference between them?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Points of Grammar:<\/h2>\n

An adjective<\/span> is a word that modifies a noun.\u00a0 They are the colorful emotional words that spice up the language.\u00a0 For example, the quartet of adjectives based on the ancient medical theory of humors\u2014”sanguine<\/em>“, “choleric<\/em>“, “bilious<\/em>“, and “phlegmatic<\/em>“\u2014span the range of human dispositions.<\/p>\n

A phrase<\/span> can be either a prepositional phrase (preposition + noun-object) or a participial phrase (participle form of a verb, with possibly a direct object and\/or adverb).\u00a0 If it modifies a noun, then it’s an adjectival phrase.<\/p>\n

The independent<\/span> clause of the sentence\u2013main subject and main verb\u2014will not be an adjectival\u00a0clause.\u00a0 A dependent (a.k.a. subordinate<\/a>) clause also has its own subject and verb, and if it modifies a noun, then it’s an adjectival clause.<\/p>\n

Examples of Adjectival Phrases:<\/h2>\n

1) The book on my desk<\/span> is by Tolstoy<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The preposition phrase “on my desk” is an adjectival phrase.\u00a0 It modifies the noun “book”\u2014it specifies which<\/span> book.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2) Diogenes<\/a> is remembered as the man carrying a lantern in broad daylight<\/span>.<\/p>\n

The participial phrase “carrying a lantern in broad daylight” is an adjectival phrase.\u00a0 It modifies the noun “man” \u2014 it specifies which\u00a0<\/span>man.<\/p>\n

Incidentally, within that participial phrase, the prepositional phrase “in broad daylight” is an adverbial phrase<\/a>. It modifies the verb participle “carrying”\u2014it specifies when<\/span> he carried the lantern.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3) The Lone Ranger riding into the sunset<\/span> is a vivid memory for an older generation of Americans.<\/p>\n

The participial phrase “riding into the sunset” is an adjectival phrase.\u00a0 It modifies the noun “Lone Ranger” \u2014 it specifies the setting\/activity of the Lone Ranger at that moment.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Examples of Adjectival Clauses:<\/h2>\n

4) “Any man who hates dogs and children can’t be all bad.”\u00a0 \u2013 W.C. Fields<\/p>\n

The dependent clause “who hates dogs and children” is an adjectival clause.\u00a0 It modifies the noun “man” \u2014 it specifies what kind<\/span> of man.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5) “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.”\u00a0 \u2014 the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.<\/a><\/p>\n

This is a double-whammy. The gigantic dependent clause “that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character” is a big adjectival clause.\u00a0 It modifies the noun “dream” \u2014 it specifies what kind<\/span> of dream.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, the clause “where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character” is also an adjectival clause.\u00a0 It modifies the noun “nation” \u2014 it specifies what kind<\/span> of nation.<\/p>\n

Thus, this famous sentence has one adjectival clause nested inside another. Notice, also, the powerful use of parallelism.\u00a0 Such a high level of grammatical sophistication, conveying lofty moral ideals, is not at all surprising from one of the finest orators this nation has ever seen.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Why Are Adjectival Phrases & Clauses Important for the GMAT?<\/h2>\n

Like adverbial phrases<\/a>, adjectival phrases are one of the marks of sophisticated writing.\u00a0 I guarantee you will see them all over the GMAT Sentence Correction section. Learning them now, you will be forearmed.\u00a0 Furthermore, the more fluent you become with adjectival phrases, the more effectively you can use them in your own writing, including in the Analytical Writing Assessment<\/a> of the GMAT; a well-chosen adjectival phrase will color a sentence with\u00a0a vivid sense of tone, the perfect enhancement for any argument.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

For free, here’s a practice GMAT SC question, involving these ideas:\u00a0https:\/\/gmat.magoosh.com\/questions\/1140<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Deepen your comprehension of these complex grammatical forms so you use them effectively on GMAT Sentence Correction What is an adjectival phrase?\u00a0 What is an adjectival clause?\u00a0 What’s the difference between them? Points of Grammar: An adjective is a word that modifies a noun.\u00a0 They are the colorful emotional words that spice up the language.\u00a0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[146],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[13209],"class_list":["post-1357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-grammar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGMAT Grammar: Adjectival Phrases and Clauses - Magoosh Blog \u2014 GMAT\u00ae Exam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"GMAT Grammar: Adjectival Phrases and Clauses\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Deepen your comprehension of these complex grammatical forms so you use them effectively on GMAT Sentence Correction What is an adjectival phrase?\u00a0 What is an adjectival clause?\u00a0 What’s the difference between them? Points of Grammar: An adjective is a word that modifies a noun.\u00a0 They are the colorful emotional words that spice up the language.\u00a0 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Magoosh Blog \u2014 GMAT\u00ae Exam\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MagooshGMAT\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-03-23T22:02:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-15T18:50:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/files\/2012\/03\/image-gre-header-grammarAdjective.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mike M\u1d9cGarry\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@MagooshGMAT\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@MagooshGMAT\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mike M\u1d9cGarry\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mike M\u1d9cGarry\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/#\/schema\/person\/320346c205075513344435baf9b0521b\"},\"headline\":\"GMAT Grammar: Adjectival Phrases and Clauses\",\"datePublished\":\"2012-03-23T22:02:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/\"},\"wordCount\":645,\"commentCount\":16,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"GMAT Grammar\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-grammar-adjectival-phrases-and-clauses\/\",\"name\":\"GMAT Grammar: Adjectival Phrases and Clauses - 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Beyond standardized testing, Mike has over 20 years of both private and public high school teaching experience specializing in math and physics. In his free time, Mike likes smashing foosballs into orbit, and despite having no obvious cranial deficiency, he insists on rooting for the NY Mets. Learn more about the GMAT through Mike's Youtube video explanations.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/MagooshGMATChannel\/featured"],"award":["Magna cum laude from Harvard"],"knowsAbout":["GMAT"],"knowsLanguage":["English"],"jobTitle":"Content Creator","worksFor":"Magoosh","url":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/author\/mikemcgarry\/"}]}},"authors":[{"term_id":13209,"user_id":26,"is_guest":0,"slug":"mikemcgarry","display_name":"Mike M\u1d9cGarry","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6b06de81592cd77bb46aa560cc59aee179cba4d042835c3529221ea1b344cce0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","user_url":"","last_name":"M\u1d9cGarry","first_name":"Mike","description":"Mike served as a GMAT Expert at Magoosh, helping create hundreds of lesson videos and practice questions to help guide GMAT students to success. He was also featured as \"member of the month\" for over two years at <a href=\"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/2012\/09\/mike-mcgarrys-gmat-experience\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GMAT Club<\/a>. Mike holds an A.B. in Physics (graduating <em>magna cum laude<\/em>) and an M.T.S. in Religions of the World, both from Harvard. Beyond standardized testing, Mike has over 20 years of both private and public high school teaching experience specializing in math and physics. In his free time, Mike likes smashing foosballs into orbit, and despite having no obvious cranial deficiency, he insists on rooting for the NY Mets. Learn more about the GMAT through Mike's <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/MagooshGMATChannel\/featured\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Youtube <\/a>video explanations and resources like <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/whats-a-good-gmat-score\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">What is a Good GMAT Score?<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/gmat-diagnostic-test\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GMAT Diagnostic Test<\/a>."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1357"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1357\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1357"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/gmat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=1357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}