{"id":4637,"date":"2021-05-02T11:37:22","date_gmt":"2021-05-02T18:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4637"},"modified":"2021-05-02T11:43:19","modified_gmt":"2021-05-02T18:43:19","slug":"44-phonemes-in-english-and-other-sound-blends","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/44-phonemes-in-english-and-other-sound-blends\/","title":{"rendered":"44 Phonemes in English and Other Sound Blends"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Regardless of your native language, to learn another language, you must be able to piece together the sounds that make up words.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In English, there are 44 phonemes, or word sounds that make up the language. They\u2019re divided into 19 consonants, 7 digraphs, 5 \u2018r-controlled\u2019 sounds, 5 long vowels, 5 short vowels, 2 \u2018oo\u2019 sounds, 2 diphthongs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This guide will help you learn and understand those 44 sounds along with some other blended and special sounds used in English. If you\u2019re ever unsure of how to pronounce phonemes in English, you can refer back to this guide and piece together any word or phrase confidently.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>19 Consonant Phonemes<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this list, notice that the consonants x, q, and c do not have unique phonemes. This is because these letters are made by other sounds:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C-sounds that make a <em><strong>\/k\/<\/strong><\/em> in crop, crack, creep and\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C-sounds that make an <em><strong>\/s\/<\/strong><\/em> in central, cent, and cite.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Q-sounds are also in words that contain the letters \u2018kw\u2019 as in walkway, parkway, and awkward.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">X-sounds are also in words with \u2018cks\u2019 as in backstop, rocks, and necks<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/b\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; beg and bag<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/d\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; doe and deal<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/f\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; fall and fit<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/g\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; goal and gill<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/h\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; has and him<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/j\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; job and jolt<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/k\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; cap and kite<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/l\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; lip and load<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/m\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; map and moth<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/n\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; net and nip<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/p\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; pin and plot<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/r\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; run and rope<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/s\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; sat and small<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/t\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; toe and tale<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/v\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; vin and volt<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/w\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; wait and wind<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/y\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; yam and yet<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/z\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; zip and zoo<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>7 Digraph Phonemes<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Digraphs form when two consonants work together to create a completely different sound. The two consonants have different sounds on their own and are most often\u2014but not always\u2014seen at the start or end of a word.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/ch\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; watch and chime<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/sh\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; shift and short<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/ng\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; ring and sting<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/th\/<\/strong><\/em> (voiced) &#8211; weather and thin<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/th\/<\/strong><\/em> (unvoiced) &#8211; thing and thunder<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/zh\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; genre and division<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/wh\/<\/strong><\/em> (with breath) &#8211; what<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>5 R-Controlled, or Influenced, Phonemes<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These phonemes are <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/r-controlled-vowels\/\">controlled or influenced by the letter r<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/a(r)\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; car and far<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/\u0101(r)\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; fair and chair<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/i(r)\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; here and steer<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/o(r)\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; core and door<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/u(r)\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; fern and burn<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>5 Long Vowel Phonemes<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/\u0101\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; day and eight<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/\u0113\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; beet and sleep<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/\u012b\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211;\u00a0 pie and sky<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/\u014d\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; boat and row<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/\u016b\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; hue and chew<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>5 Short Vowel Phonemes<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/a\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211;\u00a0 bat and laugh<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/e\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; medical and bread<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/i\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; sit and lip<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/o\/<\/strong> <\/em>&#8211; hot and orange<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/u\/<\/strong> <\/em>&#8211; shut and cut<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>2 \u2018oo\u2019 vowel Phonemes<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/oo\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; took and could<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/\u014d\u014d\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; moon and\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re having trouble with &#8216;oo&#8217; and <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/other-vowels-in-english\/\">other vowel sounds<\/a>, we&#8217;ve got you covered!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>2 Diphthongs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/what-are-diphthongs\/\">diphthong<\/a> is two vowels that work together to form another sound.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/ow\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; mouse and cow<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><em><strong>\/oy\/<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; coin and toy<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Sound Blends<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This list is a group of common sounds you\u2019ll hear in English. They\u2019re a group of <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-consonant-blends\/\">consonant blends<\/a> that create distinct sounds, and you\u2019ll often see them at the beginning of a word. Most of the sounds are a blend of the consonant sounds described above, but when they work together, their sound is quick and smooth.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>bl<\/strong> &#8211; blot and blunder<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>cl<\/strong> &#8211; clot and clam<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>fl<\/strong> &#8211; flow and flop<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>gl<\/strong> &#8211; glow and glamor<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>pl<\/strong> &#8211; plot and play<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>br<\/strong> &#8211; brat and broke<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>cr<\/strong> &#8211; cream and crop<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>dr<\/strong> &#8211; drop and drove<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>fr<\/strong> &#8211; frail and frozen<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>gr<\/strong> &#8211; grand and grow<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>pr<\/strong> &#8211; pronoun and prime<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>tr<\/strong> &#8211; trash and trust<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>sk<\/strong> &#8211; skip and sky<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>sl<\/strong> &#8211; slot and slow<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>sp<\/strong> &#8211; sponge and spell<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>st<\/strong> &#8211; still and stand<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>sw<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0 swat and sway<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>spr<\/strong> &#8211; spruce and spring<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>str<\/strong> &#8211; strip and stretch<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Knowing the 44 English phonemes will help you pronounce words correctly and be understood by speakers around the world. But correct pronunciation won\u2019t happen overnight or even by just memorizing the text and audio from this list. You\u2019ll need practice!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Why not practice in an encouraging live environment like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/speaking.magoosh.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">SpeakUp by Magoosh<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">? With SpeakUp, you can master the 44 English phonemes and learn other idioms, phrases, and vocabulary. Plus, you get feedback from native English speakers who can work with you to master your pronunciation. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Regardless of your native language, to learn another language, you must be able to piece together the sounds that make up words.\u00a0 In English, there are 44 phonemes, or word sounds that make up the language. They\u2019re divided into 19 consonants, 7 digraphs, 5 \u2018r-controlled\u2019 sounds, 5 long vowels, 5 short vowels, 2 \u2018oo\u2019 sounds, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":422,"featured_media":3600,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-grammar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>44 Phonemes in English and Other Sound Blends<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Knowing the 44 English phonemes are essential if you want to communicate. 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