{"id":4483,"date":"2021-04-10T18:18:46","date_gmt":"2021-04-11T01:18:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4483"},"modified":"2021-04-11T13:53:20","modified_gmt":"2021-04-11T20:53:20","slug":"what-is-a-direct-object","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/what-is-a-direct-object\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is a Direct Object? Definition, Examples, &amp; More"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you\u2019ve spent any time studying English grammar, you\u2019ve probably heard about subjects and objects. A subject is a person or thing doing the action in a sentence. Alternatively, an object is a thing on which or to which an action is being done. In English, you have two primary types of objects: the direct object and the indirect object. So, this begs a few important questions. Namely, <\/span><b><i>what is a direct object?<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> How do direct objects differ from indirect objects? Finally, what are some examples of direct objects in sentences?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We will answer all of these questions and more, but first, let\u2019s look at the definition of a direct object:<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Direct Object Definition<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A direct object is the recipient of the action in a sentence. More specifically, it receives the action of a transitive verb. In English, a transitive verb is a verb that requires an object to make sense. The opposite of a transitive verb is an intransitive verb, which does not require an object.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here are some examples of transitive verbs without objects:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The girl <\/span><b><i>sends<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I <\/span><b><i>buy<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We <\/span><b><i>take<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They <\/span><b><i>hold<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As you can see, these statements don\u2019t many any sense without a direct object. They force us to either ask questions or alter the original sentences:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The girl sends. (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What does the girl send?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I buy. (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do I buy?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We take. (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do we take?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She holds. (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What does she hold?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">By adding direct objects, we can fix all of these incomplete sentences and answer the questions above:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The girl sends <\/span><b><i>a letter<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I buy <\/span><b><i>a movie ticket<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We take <\/span><b><i>a train<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She holds <\/span><b><i>a pizza<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you want to form a sentence without a direct object, you\u2019ll need to use an intransitive verb. For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We <\/span><b><i>arrived<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The dog <\/span><b><i>jumps<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The girl <\/span><b><i>laughed<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They will <\/span><b><i>run<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A direct object is the recipient of an action, while an indirect object is a person or thing that is affected by the action. This may sound a little confusing, so let\u2019s look at a few examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I gave <\/span><b><i>my mom<\/i><\/b> <b><i>a hug<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: a hug<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">IO: my mom<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She brought <\/span><b><i>the class<\/i><\/b> <b><i>a box of doughnuts<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: a box of doughnuts<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">IO: the class<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I sent <\/span><b><i>my grandmother<\/i><\/b> <b><i>a bouquet of flowers<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: a bouquet of flowers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">IO: my grandmother<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They bought <\/span><b><i>me a present<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: a present<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">IO: me<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As you can see, the indirect object always comes between the verb and the direct object. However, you can often reposition an indirect object to become a prepositional phrase by using prepositions like \u201cto\u201d or \u201cfor.\u201d Once changed into a prepositional phrase, it is no longer considered an indirect object, but rather an <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/what-is-the-object-of-a-preposition-definition-and-examples\/\">object of the preposition<\/a>. For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The teacher taught <\/span><b><i>the lesson<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to <\/span><b><i>the class<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: the lesson<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Object of the Preposition: the class<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I drew <\/span><b><i>a picture<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for <\/span><b><i>my little sister<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: a picture<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Object of the Preposition: my little sister<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He threw <\/span><b><i>the baseball<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to <\/span><b><i>the other player<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: the baseball<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Object of the Preposition: the other player<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They saw <\/span><b><i>a plane<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> fly over <\/span><b><i>the building<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">DO: a plane<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Object of the Preposition: the building<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Generally, you cannot have an indirect object without a direct object. However, you may encounter some rare exceptions.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Direct Object Pronouns<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now you have a better understanding of direct objects and how they differ from indirect objects. However, we have yet to address direct object pronouns. So, what is a direct object pronoun? In short, it is a pronoun that takes the place of the person or thing being affected by the action.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fortunately, it\u2019s easy to learn object pronouns because they are the same for both direct and indirect objects. Here is the full list of object pronouns in English:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Singular Object Pronouns<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Me<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Him<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Plural Object Pronouns<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Us<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Them<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">How to Use Indirect and Direct Object Pronouns<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In order to use an object pronoun, you\u2019ll need to provide enough context so that listeners (or readers) can understand what you&#8217;re saying. For example, here are some sentences that contain object pronouns in place of both the indirect and direct objects:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We brought us it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He saved us it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She left them her.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They gave him it.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clearly, these sentences make no sense. It\u2019s impossible to know what each object pronoun is replacing. For this reason, it\u2019s better to use an object pronoun to replace either the direct object or the indirect object of a sentence \u2014 not both. You can provide the most context by keeping the direct object in its original form and changing the indirect object to a pronoun. For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We brought them the book.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He saved us the cake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She left them the dog.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They gave him the missing letter.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alternatively, if you try to use an object pronoun to replace the direct object and provide context with the indirect object, it doesn\u2019t really fix the problem. The sentences still won\u2019t have enough clarity to make sense and they will be grammatically dubious. For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We brought the protestors it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He saved our study group it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She left the neighbors her.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They gave the man it.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To solve this problem, you can change the indirect objects into prepositional phrases:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We brought it to the protestors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He saved it for our study group.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She left her with the neighbors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They gave it to the man.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Direct Objects and Asking Questions<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the easiest ways to identify the object of a sentence is to <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-ask-questions-in-english\/\">ask questions<\/a>. More specifically, if you want to find the direct object, first look at the verb. Then, in relation to the action, ask: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">who or what is the recipient of the action? <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you want to find the indirect object, ask: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To whom\/what or for whom\/what is the action being done? <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Let\u2019s look at a few examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">My father sent his friend a message.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What did my father send?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> My father sent a message. Therefore, \u201ca message\u201d is the direct object.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To whom did my father send a message?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> My father sent a message to his friend. Therefore, \u201chis friend\u201d is the indirect object.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I read my daughter the book.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What did I read? <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I read &#8220;the book.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To whom did I read the book?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I read the book to &#8220;my daughter.&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">She told me the bad news.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What did she tell?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> She told &#8220;the bad news.&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To whom did she tell the bad news?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> She told the bad news to &#8220;me.&#8221;<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They threw the cat a toy.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What did they throw?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> They threw &#8220;a toy.&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To what or to whom did they throw the toy?<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> They threw the toy to &#8220;the cat.&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><b><i>So, what is a direct object?<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It is simply the primary recipient of an action. Once you learn how to identify direct objects, it\u2019s easy to find them in all sorts of sentences! Not only will this help you understand sentences better, but it will also help improve your knowledge of English grammar!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you\u2019d like to hear a native English speaker using direct objects in everyday conversation, be sure to subscribe to the Magoosh <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCKwaubtv7Pl6iQqGw97YEgg\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Youtube<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> channel or join our <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/freespeakup\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facebook Group<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> today!<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you\u2019ve spent any time studying English grammar, you\u2019ve probably heard about subjects and objects. A subject is a person or thing doing the action in a sentence. Alternatively, an object is a thing on which or to which an action is being done. In English, you have two primary types of objects: the direct [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":423,"featured_media":3633,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-grammar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What Is a Direct Object? Definition, Examples, &amp; More<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is a direct object? How do they differ from indirect objects? 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