{"id":4115,"date":"2021-01-26T20:29:15","date_gmt":"2021-01-27T04:29:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4115"},"modified":"2021-04-07T16:53:28","modified_gmt":"2021-04-07T23:53:28","slug":"magoosh-english-lesson-the-amazing-technology-behind-avatar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/magoosh-english-lesson-the-amazing-technology-behind-avatar\/","title":{"rendered":"Magoosh English Lesson: The Amazing Technology Behind Avatar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In part two of our two-part <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/free-english-classes-with-magoosh-lesson-index\/\">English in Blockbuster Movies<\/a>: Avatar <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">series, we will take a closer look at how advanced technology brought the imaginary creatures and worlds of Avatar to life. So, let\u2019s get ready to learn about <\/span><b>the amazing technology behind Avatar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Goals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Learn how to talk about filming processes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Learn new general English and movie-related vocabulary<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Learn how to use prepositional idioms<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Discover interesting facts about the making of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Difficulty Level<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Advanced<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Time<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Approximately 15 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Reading Passage<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When James Cameron first came up with the idea for <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in 1994, film technology wasn\u2019t quite <\/span><b><i>up to the task<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><b><i>CGI<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> had been around since the mid-1970s, but filmmakers weren\u2019t able to make images look realistic. However, as digital technology advanced in the 1990s and early 2000s, filmmakers started putting <\/span><b><i>computer animation<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to much greater use.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>A Game Changer<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">While every filmmaker uses a slightly different technique to get the CGI to look realistic, James Cameron <\/span><b><i>took<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> his film tech <\/span><b><i>to a whole new level<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Instead of relying on past filming systems, Cameron used his own unique Fusion Camera System to shoot the film in 3D. This system has two high-definition cameras working <\/span><b><i>in tandem<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to create a 3D image. Principal photography required shooting of live-action scenes that were combined with computer-generated images.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For scenes involving the alien race (known as the Na\u2019vi), Cameron used motion-capture technology. This required the actors to wear special suits that allowed the camera to track their movements. The digital animators would then replace the image of the actors with the image of the Na\u2019vi, giving the <\/span><b><i>humanoid<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> race realistic movements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Improved Direction Techniques<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In addition to using his own Fusion Camera System, Cameron utilized a virtual camera system that produced digital images <\/span><b><i>in real-time<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. In most films that use CGI, actors must pretend to talk and interact with others in front of a <\/span><b><i>green screen <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and the digital images are added in much later. During the making of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, however, the director could see the digital characters and environments as the actors performed, allowing Cameron to give more precise directions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Creating Realistic Emotions<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Finally, Cameron wanted to make the Na\u2019vi seem like real creatures with human-like emotions. In order to do this, he had to find a way to capture the emotions and facial expressions of his actors with 100% accuracy. In the months leading up to the film shoot, Cameron devised <\/span><b><i>headgear<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> fitted with high-definition cameras and motion-capture technology. This way, every movement on the actors\u2019 faces could be recorded and transferred to the final computer-generated image.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Youtube Links<\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_QYl4T85fdw\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_QYl4T85fdw<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ClXxZyf1EnY\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ClXxZyf1EnY<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Word Focus<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Let\u2019s take a closer look at some of the words in <\/span><b><i>bold<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> from the passage:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Up to the task<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (adjective phrase) &#8211; Able to do something difficult; prepared for a certain activity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many critics thought Avatar couldn\u2019t be made, but James Cameron was up to the task.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>CGI<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (noun) &#8211; Short for \u201cComputer Generated Imagery;\u201d computer images used in film or other media.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the time of its release, Avatar involved the most advanced CGI audiences had ever seen.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Computer animation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (noun) &#8211; A type of CGI (computer-generated imagery); the process of using digital images in a movie or television series.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">James Cameron and his team of digital animators used computer animation to create the Na\u2019vi in Avatar.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>To take to a whole new level<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (phrasal verb) &#8211; To change something; to advance or improve a process.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar in 3D takes the movie-watching experience to a whole new level.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>In tandem<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (adverbial phrase) &#8211; Together; alongside one another.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Several new cameras were used in tandem to film Avatar.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Humanoid<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (adjective\/noun) &#8211; <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Resembling human beings; a non-human species that shares certain physical characteristics with humans.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Na\u2019vi are the blue, humanoid creatures that live on the planet Pandora.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>In real-time<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (prepositional phrase) &#8211; Occurring as an event happens; instantly.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The actor\u2019s facial expressions were recorded in real-time.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Green screen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (noun) &#8211; A physical, green background used during filming to allow filmmakers to digitally add new backgrounds during post-production.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Acting in front of a green screen requires a lot of skill and concentration.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Headgear<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (noun) &#8211; Equipment that is designed to be worn on the head.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">James Cameron\u2019s headgear was specially designed for every actor\u2019s unique measurements.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Grammar Center<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take a look at the following sentences from the passage:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When James Cameron first came up with the idea for Avatar in 1994, film technology wasn\u2019t quite up to the task.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In addition to using his own Fusion Camera System, Cameron utilized a virtual camera system that produced digital images in real-time.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This system has two high-definition cameras working in tandem to create a 3D image.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Do you notice the pattern? All three of these sentences include <\/span><b><i>English idioms made up of prepositional phrases. <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These idioms all begin with a preposition and end with a noun (like any <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/speaking.magoosh.com\/blog\/the-prepositional-phrase-definition-recognition-and-advanced-usage-tips\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">prepositional phrase<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">), but these phrases have meanings that you may not be able to figure out without context clues.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Though there are plenty of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/speaking.magoosh.com\/blog\/english-idioms-easy-intermediate-and-advanced\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">English idioms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that do not begin with prepositions, the ones that do give English speakers a way to describe a thing, place, action, or period of time in greater detail.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, let\u2019s look at a few more prepositional idioms with their meanings and example sentences:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Behind the scenes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; In secret; hidden from public view.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">James Cameron is a very demanding director behind the scenes.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Beside the point <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8211; Irrelevant.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether Avatar is the greatest film ever made is beside the point; it is still a great achievement of filmmaking.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>By mistake<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; Accidentally.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nothing was done by mistake during the making of Avatar.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>For a living<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; As a job; as a way to make money.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">James Cameron gets to make movies for a living.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>From scratch<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; Without any pre-made items; from original materials.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some of the filming equipment had to be created from scratch.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>In no time <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8211; very soon; quickly.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar turned a profit in no time.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Out of the question<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; Unable to be considered; not an option.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The idea of just using actors in blue makeup was out of the question for James Cameron.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>With the naked eye<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; Without the use of a special microscope, lens, or magnifier.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">People can\u2019t see Avatar\u2019s 3D effects with the naked eye; they need special glasses to enjoy the 3D experience.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Quiz<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now, let\u2019s look at a few questions to review the passage, vocabulary, and grammar:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Which of the following statements most accurately captures the central idea of the passage?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. In <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the actors had to wear special headgear to record their facial expressions.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. James Cameron spent years developing advanced camera and motion-capture technology to create the creatures and environments in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Using specially-made cameras, James Cameron was able to film <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Avatar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in 3D.<\/span><br \/>\n<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Avatar<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is a very expensive and successful movie that required advanced computer animation technology.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>2. How did James Cameron make the Na\u2019vi express emotions?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Virtual camera system<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Reality Camera System<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Motion-capture technology<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. 3D technology<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Fill in the blank: If an actor\u2019s performance is viewed <i>in real-time<\/i>, it is viewed _____.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Before it happens<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. As it happens<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. After it happens<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. None of the Above<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Based on your understanding of the term, which of the following is a good synonym for <em>up to the task<\/em>?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Diligent<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Hardworking<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Intelligent<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Capable<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Which of the following is NOT an example of a prepositional idiom?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Up in the air<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. In advance<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Move on<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Out of shape<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>6. What part of speech comes at the end of a prepositional idiom?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Noun<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Adjective<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Preposition<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Adverb<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Correct Answers:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In part two of our two-part English in Blockbuster Movies: Avatar series, we will take a closer look at how advanced technology brought the imaginary creatures and worlds of Avatar to life. So, let\u2019s get ready to learn about the amazing technology behind Avatar! Goals: Learn how to talk about filming processes Learn new general [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":422,"featured_media":4129,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-grammar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Magoosh English Lesson: The Amazing Technology Behind Avatar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn English with our 11-lesson series on Blockbuster Movies. In this lesson, we explore movie tech in Avatar. 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