{"id":4105,"date":"2021-01-29T23:13:50","date_gmt":"2021-01-30T07:13:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4105"},"modified":"2021-04-07T16:53:28","modified_gmt":"2021-04-07T23:53:28","slug":"friends","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/friends\/","title":{"rendered":"Magoosh English Lesson: Friends"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Welcome to the next lesson in this series of Magoosh\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/free-english-classes-with-magoosh-lesson-index\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">free English classes<\/span><\/a><b>.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><i>Goals:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Learn TV vocabulary<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Explore a hit TV show from the 1990s<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Review a grammar topic<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><i>Difficulty Level: <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Advanced<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><i>Time: <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Approximately <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">15 minutes<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Friends<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In late 1993, TV writers\/producers David Crane and Marta Kauffman were working hard to create a new TV series after their latest sitcom was cancelled. Their idea: a show about six <\/span><b><i>twentysomethings<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> living life in Manhattan. That simple concept would turn into the international sensation known as <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether you were born after the series ended in 2004 or even born before tv was broadcast in color, nearly everyone in the world has heard of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. But if you haven\u2019t, let me introduce you to Joey, Chandler, Phoebe, Monica, Ross, and Rachel. They\u2019re the six main characters featured in this show that centers around their daily lives. It\u2019s a show about romances, career issues, and other common life happenings that unfold in comedic ways.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Originally, the show was titled <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Insomnia Cafe<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> because many <\/span><b><i>scenes <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">in the show are set in the group\u2019s favorite coffee shop <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Central Perk<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The president of NBC (National Broadcasting Company) wanted the show to convey the essence of <\/span><b><i>Generation X<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and how people of that generation bonded. But the creators wanted a show that was for everyone and eventually that\u2019s how it was written.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">So in early 1994, they changed the title and wrote a <\/span><b><i>pilot<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for the show <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friends Like Us, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">which was eventually shortened to just <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The <\/span><b><i>casting director<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> had a pool of over a thousand actors auditioning for the six main roles on the show. Eventually, the pool was narrowed to just 75 actors and then to 3 or 4 for each part. After one final round of <\/span><b><i>auditions<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, they chose the final six.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The show had a rough start in the first season. Many critics felt the cast was likable, but the characters were underdeveloped and unrefined. It wasn\u2019t until the third season when the<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">writers and actors found their <\/span><b><i>chemistry<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that the show became one of the most popular sitcoms in TV history. Today, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is still aired in <\/span><b><i>syndication<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and can be watched on many TV streaming services.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Be sure to join us for our next lesson, where we\u2019ll explore the popularity and the cultural impact of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Word Focus<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Twentysomething<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; Group of people in the age range from 20 &#8211; 29<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I thought about going to the party but changed my mind when I realized there would be nothing but twentysomethings there.<\/span><\/i><i><\/i><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Scene<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; The setting and events that happen continuously in one place.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The third scene of the last act takes place in the house of the killer.<\/span><\/i><i><\/i><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Generation X<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; The generation of people born after the Baby Boomers and before the Millenials.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Generation X includes people born in the years roughly grouped from the mid 1960s to the late 1970s.<\/span><\/i><i><\/i><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>TV Pilot<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; A single episode of a show (usually the first episode) used to sell the show to a TV network.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">TV pilots are usually shot in the spring and sold to the network executives over the summer in hopes of becoming a show in the fall.<\/span><\/i><i><\/i><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Casting Director<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; Person on a movie or tv show responsible for finding, auditioning, and hiring (casting) actors for the production.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes casting directors have to watch thousands of auditions to find the right person for a role.<\/span><\/i><i><\/i><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Audition<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; A form of interview for a performance artist (actor, dancer, singer) to display their talents and abilities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Professional actors audition for hundreds of roles every year in hopes of landing just one job.<\/span><\/i><i><\/i><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Chemistry<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; A harmonious or effective relationship between people working together.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">We had to make some changes in the workplace because the office chemistry was bad.<\/span><\/i><i><\/i><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Syndication<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> &#8211; (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">noun<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) &#8211; The sale of a series of tv programs to a network for redistribution (broadcast).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ultimate money-making goal of any tv show is to eventually go into syndication on other networks.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Grammar Center<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Look at these two sentences from the above passage:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">But the creators wanted a show <\/span><\/i><b><i>that <\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">was for everyone and eventually <\/span><\/i><b><i>that\u2019s <\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">how it was written.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It wasn\u2019t until the third season when the<\/span><\/i> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">writers and actors found their chemistry <\/span><\/i><b><i>that <\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the show became one of the most popular sitcoms in TV history.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The word \u2018<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">that<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019 is one of the most grammatically functional words in the English language, so in this lesson we\u2019re going to review the many uses of this versatile (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">adaptable to many different functions<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) word.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Pronoun<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most often, \u2018<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">that<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019 is used as a pronoun. In this instance we use it to identify something or someone:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">That\u2019s her boyfriend standing over there.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To refer to something previously said:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">That\u2019s what I was talking about!<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To introduce a clause used in identification. Often in place of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">which, who, whom or when.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">But the creators wanted a show <\/span><\/i><b><i>that <\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">was for everyone\u2026<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">But the creators wanted a show <\/span><\/i><b><i>which <\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">was for everyone&#8230;<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Determiner<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Secondly, \u2018<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">that<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019 is used as a determiner to reference a noun. It\u2019s similar in usage to words like: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">a, the, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">or <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">every<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this situation, it can be used to identify a specific person or something previously mentioned or understood.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Look at that woman over there.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I was living in London at that time.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Adverb<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2018<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">That<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019 can be used to indicate a degree of something.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I didn\u2019t think the drive would be that far.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><i>Conjunction<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lastly, \u2018<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">that<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019 can be used as a conjunction to introduce another subordinate clause. You saw this in the above passage:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It wasn\u2019t until the third season when the<\/span><\/i> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">writers and actors found their chemistry <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">that <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the show became one of the most popular sitcoms in TV history.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Please bookmark this lesson if you need a reference for the uses of \u2018<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">that<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019 and for more information and tips on other English grammar subjects, be sure to visit the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/speaking.magoosh.com\/blog\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Magoosh English Speaking blog<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">!<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Quiz<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. Which statement best identifies the main idea of the above passage?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> found its chemistry in the third season.<\/span><br \/>\n<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Friends <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">conveyed the essence of Generation X.<\/span><br \/>\n<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Friends <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">was a hit TV show that went through a process to become the show we know today.<\/span><br \/>\n<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Friends<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is a show about romances, career issues, and other common life happenings that unfold in comedic ways.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. The purpose of the above passage is best described as:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Informative<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Narrative<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Descriptive<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Persuasive<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Read this sentence from the passage:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The casting director for Friends had a pool of over a thousand actors auditioning for the six main roles on the show.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Based on the context, what does the word <i>pool<\/i> mean in this sentence?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. A swimming pool<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. An arrangement<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. A bet<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. A group<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Which word is the <i>best<\/i> synonym for the word <i>chemistry<\/i> as used in the passage and defined in the word focus?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Plan<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Unity<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Pattern<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Organization<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Read this excerpt from the passage:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8230;and eventually that\u2019s how it was written.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>What is the grammatical use of <i>\u2018that<\/i>\u2019 in this excerpt?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Pronoun<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Determiner<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Adverb<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Conjunction<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Read this sentence from the passage:<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Originally, the show was titled Insomnia Cafe because many scenes in the show are set in the group\u2019s favorite coffee shop Central Perk.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Which two verb tenses are used in this sentence?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A. Simple Past and Present continuous<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B. Past Continuous and Simple Present<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C. Simple Past and Simple Present<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D. Past Perfect and Simple Present<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answers:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">B<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Welcome to the next lesson in this series of Magoosh\u2019s free English classes.\u00a0 Goals: Learn TV vocabulary Explore a hit TV show from the 1990s Review a grammar topic Difficulty Level: Advanced Time: Approximately 15 minutes &nbsp; Friends In late 1993, TV writers\/producers David Crane and Marta Kauffman were working hard to create a new [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":422,"featured_media":4143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-grammar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Magoosh English Lesson: Friends<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn English with our 11-lesson series on American Television. 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