{"id":4094,"date":"2021-01-16T12:19:43","date_gmt":"2021-01-16T20:19:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4094"},"modified":"2021-04-07T16:53:31","modified_gmt":"2021-04-07T23:53:31","slug":"the-southern-drawl-breakdown-of-an-american-accent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/the-southern-drawl-breakdown-of-an-american-accent\/","title":{"rendered":"The Southern Drawl: Breakdown of an American Accent"},"content":{"rendered":"

Have you ever heard someone from the American South? They probably grew up in a state like Alabama, Mississippi, or Georgia and say words like \u201cy\u2019all\u201d (you all) and \u201cdidja\u201d or \u201cdidju\u201d (did you).<\/span><\/p>\n

Though not everyone from the South speaks this way\u2014I\u2019m from Texas and have no accent\u2014the Southern Drawl is easy to tell apart from the way people from Northern U.S. states speak.<\/span><\/p>\n

But how do you define the Southern accent? What is it really? Like any accent, it has a long history and even <\/span>offshoot <\/i><\/b>(<\/span>something that developed from something else<\/span><\/i>) accents. There are also a lot of <\/span>stereotypes <\/i><\/b>(<\/span>a widely believed idea about a person or thing<\/span><\/i>) about people with a Southern Drawl.<\/span><\/p>\n

As a non-native, it might be difficult to understand, and you may also have heard (or even believe) some of those myths about people from the South. In this article, we\u2019ll explore the Southern Drawl, and help you to better understand the accent and its origin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Where Exactly is The South?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

There\u2019s no official boundary that splits the United States into The South and the North. Some may say <\/span>the Mason-Dixon line<\/span><\/a> is the boundary, but the line dates back to the American Civil War (1861-1865). It doesn\u2019t characterize the cultural and linguistic divide seen today.<\/span><\/p>\n

There are a lot of <\/span>unofficial language tests<\/span><\/a> that draw boundaries between people who say \u201cy\u2019all\u201d instead of \u201cyou all\u201d or \u201cyou guys\u201d and \u201cred light\u201d instead of \u201ctraffic light.\u201d Another example is the pronunciation of \u201cpen\u201d and \u201cpin.\u201d People in the South tend to pronounce both words the same while Northerners have a distinction in the sound of the vowels.<\/span><\/p>\n

The pen\/pin distinction is the best boundary one can draw for mapping the boundaries.<\/span><\/p>\n

Origin of the Southern Drawl<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The Southern Drawl, like any accent, developed over the course of hundreds of years. There were many factors that contributed to its evolution including: plantation and farm life, Western expansion, immigration, and an increasing number and size of American cities.<\/span><\/p>\n

The original distinction<\/a> goes all the way back to the mid-1700s when wealthy British traders started dropping the \u201cr\u201d sound from their speech as a <\/span>distinction <\/i><\/b>(a difference between similar things or people) of their class.<\/span><\/p>\n

To this day, this is the reason people from cities like Boston drop the \u201cr\u201d from many of their words, e.g. \u201cpark the car\u201d is spoken as \u201cpahk the cah.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

However, rural and less wealthy classes who came from Northern England settled in the South. And they did (and still do) pronounce the \u201cr\u201d sound in words. This is where the origins of the Southern Drawl lie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Note that there are places in the South that don\u2019t pronounce the \u201cr\u201d but still have a similar accent. Americans still consider these accents to be Southern, and they vary by area. It depends on the origin of the original immigrants.<\/span><\/p>\n

Many Forms of the Southern Accent<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Because of the local differences in accent, it\u2019s difficult for anyone to tell exactly where someone is from based solely on the Southern accent. Even native Southerners have trouble knowing if a person came from Mobile, Memphis, or Jackson.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The South is a very large geographic area that has a variety of sub-accents still classified as Southern. The biggest discussion you\u2019ll hear about the accents is distinguishing the Southern Drawl from <\/span>the Southern Twang<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The key difference is that the drawl is spoken much slower and doesn\u2019t pronounce \u201cr\u2019s\u201d as much. Whereas the twang is spoken faster, is more nasal, and pronounces \u201cr\u2019s\u201d more sharply.<\/span><\/p>\n

Here are some of the key dialects:<\/span><\/p>\n

Lower Southern\/Coastal Dialect<\/span><\/h3>\n

This is the classic Southern Drawl you hear on TV and movies based in the American South. It\u2019s spoken slowly and has elongated vowels (e.g. \u201cdrahwer\u201d instead of \u201cdrawer\u201d). You\u2019ll generally hear this in states like Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Midland\/Mountain Dialect<\/span><\/h3>\n

This dialect is spoken in Tennessee and areas within the lower Appalachian mountains. It features long \u201cO\u201d sounds and words that end in \u201cen\u201d, \u201cem\u201d, or \u201cim\u201d sound more like \u201cin.\u201d As in, \u201cI\u2019ve \u2018bin\u2019 sittin\u2019 here for twenty minutes.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Texas<\/span><\/h3>\n

The Texas dialect is almost its own <\/span>distinct accent<\/span><\/a>. Linguists are still studying what exactly sets the Texas dialect apart from other Southern dialects. The biggest difference is the pool of words with vowels that merged over time. \u201cFire\u201d and \u201cFar\u201d sound the same with a Texas dialect.<\/span><\/p>\n

New Orleans\/Creole Dialect<\/span><\/h3>\n

Also known as a Cajun dialect, it is local mainly to New Orleans but can be heard in other parts of Louisiana. The dialect rounds the vowels \u201ca\u201d and \u201co.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Rural vs. City<\/span><\/h3>\n

In addition to the differences in region, you will also hear a distinction between a city and rural Southern accent. The cost efficiency of the cities in the South caused major population booms which brought in people from other regions of the country and even all over the world.<\/span><\/p>\n

Because of this migration, many Southerners who live in the larger cities have started to lose their accent and speak in <\/span>General American<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Southern Drawl Characteristics<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Without the variations, here are the key characteristics of a Southern accent aside from the usage of the \u201cr\u201d sound.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Southern Drawl<\/span><\/h3>\n

The meaning of the term drawl links to the spoken length of vowels. This means that many vowels in a Southern accent are split into two syllables. It comes out in words like \u201cthere\u201d and \u201cbed\u201d which are pronounced \u201cthey-yur\u201d and \u201cbay-ehd.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The Sound of the Letter \u201ci\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n

The vowel \u201ci\u201d is merged in many Southern words. Though you may have trouble distinguishing the split in other accents, it exists. But in the South, the pronunciation of \u201ci\u201d, as in \u201cay-ee\u201d, is shortened to just \u201cah.\u201d So it\u2019s pronounced <\/span>bah<\/span><\/i> for the word \u201cbuy.\u201d As in: \u201c<\/span>I\u2019m \u2018unna bah a used car\u201d <\/span><\/i>for \u201cI\u2019m going to buy a used car.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Syllable Stress on the First Syllable<\/span><\/h3>\n

Last, a key indication of a Southern accent is the syllable stress in the first syllable with specific words. For example words like \u201ccement\u201d, \u201cumbrella\u201d, and \u201cpolice\u201d are spoken as \u201cCEE-ment\u201d, \u201cUHM-brella\u201d, and \u201cPO-leese.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n

While this isn\u2019t the whole story of the Southern drawl, hopefully this gives any ESL learner a small picture of what to expect to hear when traveling in the American South. Remember, there are many dialects in the South and a whole host of slang vocabulary words that would take years to learn.<\/span><\/p>\n

And if you want to speak with real Americans, be sure to join the <\/span>Magoosh Speaking Club<\/span><\/a> where you can practice your English with native speakers. They can help you to distinguish and understand the Southern drawl along with a host of other American accents.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Have you ever heard someone from the American South? They probably grew up in a state like Alabama, Mississippi, or Georgia and say words like \u201cy\u2019all\u201d (you all) and \u201cdidja\u201d or \u201cdidju\u201d (did you). Though not everyone from the South speaks this way\u2014I\u2019m from Texas and have no accent\u2014the Southern Drawl is easy to tell […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":422,"featured_media":4095,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-pronunciation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Southern Drawl: Breakdown of an American Accent - SpeakUp resources<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How do you define the Southern accent? 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