{"id":3868,"date":"2020-10-19T18:06:41","date_gmt":"2020-10-19T18:06:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=3868"},"modified":"2021-04-07T16:53:24","modified_gmt":"2021-04-07T23:53:24","slug":"et-al-how-to-use-it-properly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/et-al-how-to-use-it-properly\/","title":{"rendered":"Et Al.: How to Use it Properly"},"content":{"rendered":"

Click below to listen to a recording of this passage.<\/em><\/p>\n

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In this blog, we will define <\/span>et al.<\/i><\/b>, show you when and how to use it, and provide some common mistakes and plenty of examples so you can use this abbreviation when needed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Latin\u2014a language<\/span> considered <\/span>dead because it is no longer the native language of any culture in the world. However, just because experts label a language as<\/span> dead, it doesn\u2019t mean it\u2019s <\/span>completely <\/span>gone.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Romance Languages<\/a> (Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian) all derive from Latin. And even though English is a Germanic language in structure, it borrowed a large number of words from Latin-based languages over the years and even some traditional Latin words are still in use.<\/span><\/p>\n

This includes some common abbreviations like <\/span>i.e.<\/span><\/i>(<\/span>id est<\/span><\/i>; \u201c<\/span>in other words<\/span>\u201d), <\/span>e.g.<\/span><\/i> (<\/span>exempli gratia<\/span><\/i>; \u201cfor example\u201d, <\/span>etc.<\/span><\/i> (<\/span>et cetera<\/span><\/i>; \u201cand the rest\u201d) and <\/span>the topic of <\/span>this blog.<\/span><\/p>\n

As an intermediate to advanced learner, you may have seen these Latin abbreviations in some texts you\u2019ve read.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(Prefer to watch this lesson on video? Here\u2019s our full length tutorial on how to use the phrase<\/span>):<\/b><\/em><\/p>\n