{"id":2505,"date":"2020-05-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-14T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/local.events.com\/modal-verbs-and-their-expressive-forms\/"},"modified":"2021-04-07T16:53:29","modified_gmt":"2021-04-07T23:53:29","slug":"modal-verbs-and-their-expressive-forms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/modal-verbs-and-their-expressive-forms\/","title":{"rendered":"Modal Verbs and Their Expressive Forms"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"blog-content\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"wsite-image wsite-image-border-none\" style=\"padding-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;text-align: center\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 90%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"690042677736953663\" class=\"wcustomhtml\" style=\"width: 100%\" align=\"left\">\n<p>As intermediate and advanced level speakers, deeper expression is one of the key elements that ranks you in that level of comprehension. To create sentences with more depth, sometimes your verbs require a little help. That\u2019s where <strong><em>modal verbs<\/em><\/strong> fit into English grammar. You may have a basic understanding of these verbs, so in this article, we\u2019ll review and go deeper into their function and usage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><!--BLOG_SUMMARY_END--><\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"238540585731591068\" class=\"wcustomhtml\" style=\"width: 100%\" align=\"left\">\n<h2>What are Modal Verbs?<\/h2>\n<p><strong><em>Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that give sentences deeper and more well-rounded meanings.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Modal verbs include words like: <strong><em>can, may, must, should, would, could, might, will, and shall<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Their purpose is to provide additional information that enhances or helps another verb. In fact, they change the meaning of a sentence. Look at the sentences below to see what we mean.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Joe plays tonight.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The sentence states that Joe is playing tonight.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Joe <strong>can play<\/strong> tonight.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, if you add the modal verb <strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong> to the sentence, it implies only that Joe has the ability to play tonight. Whether he will or will not play is not answered.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Can<\/em><\/strong> changes the function of the verb <strong><em>play<\/em><\/strong>, and that\u2019s actually the function of a modal verb. We\u2019ll explore the various expressive functions of modal verbs in the next section.<\/p>\n<p>First, let\u2019s review how modal verbs behave differently from normal verbs.<\/p>\n<h3>3 Key Differences Between Regular and Modal Verbs<\/h3>\n<p>1. Modal verbs never change form and have no infinitive or participle. <strong><em>Do not add -s, -ing, or -ed to a modal verb.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He <strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong> sense their fear.<\/li>\n<li>She <strong><em>should<\/em><\/strong> play tonight.<\/li>\n<li>They <strong><em>may<\/em><\/strong> have played yesterday.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2. Add \u201cnot\u201d to make a modal verb negative in any tense.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>He <strong><em>can not<\/em><\/strong> sense their fear.<\/li>\n<li>She <strong><em>should not<\/em><\/strong> play tonight.<\/li>\n<li>They <strong><em>may not<\/em><\/strong> have played yesterday.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>3. Modal verbs are an auxiliary verb and therefore do not require an additional auxiliary in the negative or question form.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Should I go? &#8211; <strong><em>Correct<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Do should I go? &#8211; <strong><em>Incorrect<\/em><\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>He wouldn\u2019t go. &#8211; <strong><em>Correct<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>He doesn\u2019t would go. <strong><em>Incorrect<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Expressive Forms of Modals<\/h2>\n<p>The function of a modal verb is to change the expression of a verb. This comes in many variations in English, so let\u2019s break down some of those variations.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Permission<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>She <strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong> go when she\u2019s done with her chores.<\/li>\n<li>You <strong><em>may<\/em><\/strong> leave whenever you want.<\/li>\n<li>Jessie <strong><em>can\u2019t<\/em><\/strong> stay here tonight.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Can<\/em><\/strong> I go to the movies?<\/li>\n<li>They won\u2019t <strong><em>be able to<\/em><\/strong> make it this evening.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>*Be able to<\/em><\/strong> is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.learnamericanenglishonline.com\/Yellow%20Level\/Y11%20Idiomatic%20Modals.html\">modal phrase<\/a> used to express both <em>permission<\/em> or <em>ability<\/em> (more on this below).*<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ability<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>I <strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong> speak English very well.<\/li>\n<li>He <strong><em>could<\/em><\/strong> do backflips when he was younger.<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Can<\/em><\/strong> you lift this bag for me?<\/li>\n<li>Tom <strong><em>can\u2019t<\/em><\/strong> run a mile.<\/li>\n<li>She wasn\u2019t <strong><em>able to<\/em><\/strong> see anything.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Prohibition<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You <strong><em>can not<\/em><\/strong> smoke on an airplane.<\/li>\n<li>He <strong><em>must not<\/em><\/strong> board the plane.<\/li>\n<li>Why <strong><em>can\u2019t<\/em><\/strong> she come with us?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Obligation<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You <strong><em>must<\/em><\/strong> stay home when you are sick.<\/li>\n<li>I <strong><em>must<\/em><\/strong> go because I have an appointment in 20 minutes.<\/li>\n<li>They <strong><em>should<\/em><\/strong> be here before we arrive every morning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Belief<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>That <strong><em>must<\/em><\/strong> be him. He\u2019s the only one wearing a yellow coat.<\/li>\n<li>I <strong><em>haven\u2019t<\/em><\/strong> seen him in years. He must be over 70 years old by now.<\/li>\n<li>You <strong><em>must have<\/em><\/strong> said the right thing because he was very calm when I arrived.<\/li>\n<li>That <strong><em>must have<\/em><\/strong> been the right place. It had the same porch swing I remember.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Advice<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You <strong><em>should<\/em><\/strong> stop making such a big deal out of it.<\/li>\n<li>You <strong><em>ought to<\/em><\/strong> change your plans.<\/li>\n<li>You <strong><em>had better<\/em><\/strong> go apologize if you want your job back.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>*Had better<\/em><\/strong> and <strong><em>ought to<\/em><\/strong> are more examples of modal phrases.*<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Request<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><em>May<\/em><\/strong> I sit here?<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Would<\/em><\/strong> you take this to the garage for me?<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Will<\/em><\/strong> you make me a sandwich?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>*Though not technically correct, in casual speech you will also hear <strong><em>could<\/em><\/strong> and <strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong> used in a request.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hey, <strong><em>could<\/em><\/strong> you come here for a second?<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>Can<\/em><\/strong> you take me to soccer practice tomorrow?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Possibility<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>We <strong><em>could<\/em><\/strong> go to the park tomorrow.<\/li>\n<li>You can ask, but I doubt she <strong><em>would<\/em><\/strong> say yes.<\/li>\n<li>I <strong><em>may<\/em><\/strong> arrive a little late this evening.<\/li>\n<li>You <strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong> catch the next train in 10 minutes.<\/li>\n<li>Jerry said he <strong><em>might<\/em><\/strong> run in the Boston Marathon next year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Lack of Necessity<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You don\u2019t <strong><em>have to<\/em><\/strong> go if you don\u2019t want to go.<\/li>\n<li>She <strong><em>need not<\/em><\/strong> worry about it. I have everything under control.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong><em>If-<\/em> Sentences<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>If I were you, I <strong><em>wouldn\u2019t<\/em><\/strong> say anything else about it.<\/li>\n<li>If we\u2019re going to the mall, we <strong><em>should<\/em><\/strong> bring some money.<\/li>\n<li>If they\u2019re thinking about running, tell them they <strong><em>ought to<\/em><\/strong> think twice about it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>That\u2019s ten common variations of modal verb usage. Can you think of any more? Leave a comment below if anything comes to mind.<\/p>\n<p>Modal verbs are used in a variety of ways and in different tenses. Be sure to practice using them in different situations and try some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gingersoftware.com\/content\/grammar-rules\/verbs\/modal-verbs\/\">online exercises<\/a> to reinforce what you\u2019ve learned.<\/p>\n<p>As always, visit the Magoosh Speaking Blog for all things ESL and grammar-related. If you\u2019re looking for personalized help with English speaking or with <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/business-english-definitions-vocabulary-and-more\/\">business English<\/a>, you can schedule a session with one of our amazing tutors today!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As intermediate and advanced level speakers, deeper expression is one of the key elements that ranks you in that level of comprehension. To create sentences with more depth, sometimes your verbs&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":422,"featured_media":3370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-grammar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Modal Verbs and Their Expressive Forms<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Deeper expression is a key elements that helps you ranks as an intermediate or advanced speaker. 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In his time at Magoosh, he's worked with hundreds of students and has created content that's informed\u2014and hopefully inspired!\u2014ESL students all across the globe. Jake records audio for his articles to help students with pronunciation and comprehension as he also works as a voice-over artist who has been featured in commercials and on audiobooks. You can read his posts on the Magoosh blog and see his other work on his portfolio page at jakepool.net. 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