{"id":2409,"date":"2019-09-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/local.events.com\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/"},"modified":"2021-04-08T17:47:58","modified_gmt":"2021-04-09T00:47:58","slug":"how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/","title":{"rendered":"How to pronounce words ending in ED"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"blog-content\">\n<div class=\"wsite-youtube\" style=\"margin-bottom: 30px;margin-top: 10px\">\n<div class=\"wsite-youtube-wrapper wsite-youtube-size-medium wsite-youtube-align-center\">\n<div class=\"wsite-youtube-container\">It can be a real challenge for English language learners to know how to pronounce words ending in <em>ED<\/em> because those two little letters can be pronounced in <strong>three<\/strong> different ways: as \/ id \/, \/ t \/ or \/ d \/. Why we have three pronunciations, I don\u2019t know. It\u2019s not my fault, but it\u2019s my problem to explain here, so let\u2019s get to it!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"636909077372087675\" class=\"wcustomhtml\" style=\"width: 100%\" align=\"left\">\n<p>First, does it really matter? Just one short sound at the end of words\u00a0 &#8211; are English speakers really going to notice? In many cases, your &#8220;<em>ed<\/em>&#8221; pronunciation could make the difference between them understanding you or not. To actually hear examples of the <em>ed<\/em> sounds pronounced correctly, take a look at this video.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Final ed Sound\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/501090370?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"636909077372087675\" class=\"wcustomhtml\" style=\"width: 100%\" align=\"left\">\n<h2><strong>Voiced and voiceless consonants<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Before we learn the different ways to pronounce ED, we must first know <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/voiced-and-voiceless-consonants\/\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">what <em>voiced<\/em> and <em>voiceless<\/em> consonants<\/span><\/a> are.<\/p>\n<p>To help us understand what these are, let\u2019s look at the following 2 categories.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Voiced consonant sounds: B, G, J, L, M, N, R, V, Z ,TH*<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><em>*Note: there are <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4306&amp;preview=true\">2 pronunciations of TH<\/a>, but for our purposes today we\u2019ll focus on the voiced TH since that\u2019s the once we usually find at the end of words.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Try putting your hand on your throat as you produce the sound that each of those letters makes.<\/p>\n<p>What did you feel? A vibration, right? We feel those sounds physically vibrating in our throats with each of those sounds. Again that\u2019s your group of VOICED consonants. Remember too that all VOWELS are voiced as well. We won&#8217;t go through all the vowel sounds in English, but remember that they fall into this category.<\/p>\n<p>Now to compare, let\u2019s jump to our second category of voiceless sounds.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Voiceless sounds: F, K, P, S, SH, CH<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u200bAgain, keeping your hand on your throat, produce the sound each letter or combination makes.<\/p>\n<p>Did you feel the difference? Any vibrations this time? No. In fact, if you had put your finger in front of your mouth, you would have felt a slight puff of air with the release of those sounds. So these are our <em>voiceless<\/em> sounds in English &#8211; no vibration in the throat with these.<\/p>\n<p>Now that we\u2019ve distinguished between voiced and voiceless sounds, let\u2019s use this as a basis for categories that will determine final <em>ED<\/em> pronunciation.<\/p>\n<p>Since we add <em>ED<\/em> at the end of words, it\u2019s important to look at the <strong>final sound<\/strong> in the root word to see if it\u2019s voiced or voiceless. It\u2019s that final sound that will determine whether we pronounced the <em>ED<\/em> that follows as \/d\/, \/t\/ or \/\u026ad\/. Let\u2019s generate a word list here to demonstrate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><em>ED<\/em> as \/t\/<\/h2>\n<div>\n<div id=\"636909077372087675\" class=\"wcustomhtml\" style=\"width: 100%\" align=\"left\">\n<p>We\u2019ll start with our voiceless consonant sounds.\u00a0 Remember, no vibration with these. After these sounds, the final <em>-ed<\/em> will take on a \/t\/ sound.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples of words that end in voiceless consonant sounds:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>p, f, k, s, sh, ch, th<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Try pronouncing these words in the past tense by adding an <em>ed<\/em>.\u00a0 To check your pronunciation, go back to the video above to see if you were right!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Look.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Looked<\/li>\n<li>Watch\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Watched<\/li>\n<li>Finish\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Finished<\/li>\n<li>Notice\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Noticed<\/li>\n<li>Purchase\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Purchased<\/li>\n<li>Puff\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Puffed<\/li>\n<li>Relax\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Relaxed<\/li>\n<li>Laugh\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Laughed<\/li>\n<li>Ask\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Asked<\/li>\n<li>Step\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Stepped<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><em>ED<\/em> as \/d\/<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Voiced consonant sounds &amp; all vowels<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>b, v, g, z, j, th, l, m, n, r <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Again, try pronouncing these words in the past tense by adding an <em>ed<\/em>.\u00a0 To check your pronunciation, go back to the video above to see if you were right!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Clog\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Clogged<\/li>\n<li>Weather\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Weathered<\/li>\n<li>Open\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Opened<\/li>\n<li>Close\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Closed<\/li>\n<li>Summarize\u00a0 \u00a0 Summarized<\/li>\n<li>Achieve\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Achieved<\/li>\n<li>Advise\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Advised<\/li>\n<li>Glue\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Glued<\/li>\n<li>Annoy\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Annoyed<\/li>\n<li>Schedule\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Scheduled<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><em>ED<\/em> as \/id\/<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Ready for the <em><strong>third<\/strong><\/em> pronunciation of <em>ED<\/em>?\u00a0 Yes, there&#8217;s more!\u00a0 Before you panic, let me assure you that this is the easiest category when learning how to pronounce words ending in <em>ED. <\/em>Here\u2019s the rule: when an <em>ED<\/em> is added to any word that finishes with a \/t\/\u00a0or \/d\/ sound, that final <em>ED<\/em> will sound like \/\u026ad\/. That\u2019s it. Let\u2019s try just a few so that you\u2019re comfortable with these words. Again, check the video to hear the correct pronunciation.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Harvest\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Harvested<\/li>\n<li>Bombard\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bombarded<\/li>\n<li>Elevate\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Elevated<\/li>\n<li>Conflict\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Conflicted<\/li>\n<li>Treat\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Treated<\/li>\n<li>Bread\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Breaded<\/li>\n<li>Conduct\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Conducted<\/li>\n<li>Experiment\u00a0 \u00a0Experimented<\/li>\n<li>Conclude\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Concluded<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So there we have our three categories of <em>ED<\/em> pronunciation:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>VOICELESS sounds are followed by the \/t\/ sound<\/li>\n<li>VOICED sounds are followed by \/d\/ sound<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0\/d\/ or \/t\/ sounds are followed by the \/\u026ad\/ sound.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h2>How does word linking affect the <em>ed<\/em> sound?<\/h2>\n<div id=\"636909077372087675\" class=\"wcustomhtml\" style=\"width: 100%\" align=\"left\">\n<p>Let\u2019s try some of these <em>ED<\/em> words in sentences to see how they link to other words. Read the following paragraph out loud and listen to the reading in the video to compare your pronunciation to the model:<\/p>\n<p><em>Yesterday was a disaster! At the office, I tri<strong>ed o<\/strong>ut my new coffee mug, but that morning I bump<strong>ed i<\/strong>nto my coworker while carrying it and spill<strong>ed c<\/strong>offee all over her dress! She wash<strong>ed m<\/strong>ost of it out, but the coffee stain<strong>ed h<\/strong>er dress hem. I tri<strong>ed to<\/strong> help, but she got upset. I us<strong>ed to<\/strong> drink coffee in my old spill-proof mug, and I realiz<strong>ed at<\/strong> that moment that I shouldn\u2019t have toss<strong>ed it<\/strong> out.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>To learn more about how to link sounds naturally in English (especially \/d\/ and \/t\/ sounds!), check out these articles on connected speech:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4279&amp;preview=true\">Linking (when sounds are connected)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4270&amp;preview=true\">Elision (when sounds are removed)\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/?p=4234&amp;preview=true\">Assimilation (when sounds change)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Exceptions\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Of course it wouldn\u2019t be English if there weren\u2019t exceptions, so here\u2019s a short list of words you\u2019ll want to be careful with since they don\u2019t follow the rules presented.<\/p>\n<p>The good news is that there are two factors which make remembering these a bit easier. This list of exceptions is composed of:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>ED<\/em> words used as <strong>adjectives<\/strong> and<\/li>\n<li>Their final <em>ED<\/em>s are all pronounced as \/\u026ad\/.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Let&#8217;s try to fit these exceptions into one sentence:<\/p>\n<p><em>With <strong>dogged<\/strong> determination, an <strong>aged, learned<\/strong> woman saved her <strong>beloved ragged, wretched<\/strong> cat from the <strong>wicked, naked, crooked<\/strong> thief on the <strong>jagged, rugged<\/strong> cliff on that <strong>blessed<\/strong> day.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Again, check out the video for the correct pronunciation of that sentence! Another tip that might help you is remembering that most of these adjectives end in either <em>g<\/em> or <em>k<\/em> before the <em>ED.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Remember that the \/\u026ad\/ pronunciation applies only when these are used as adjectives. And the pronunciation sometimes changes depending on what you\u2019re describing (example a &#8220;<em>learn\/\u026ad\/<\/em> scholar&#8221; but &#8220;<em>learn\/d\/<\/em> behaviors&#8221;). In their verb form if they have one, they play by the rules:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I <strong>learn\/d<\/strong> \/my ABCs<\/li>\n<li>He <strong>bless\/t\/<\/strong> me when I sneezed<\/li>\n<li>The wine <strong>ag\/d\/<\/strong> well.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"636909077372087675\" class=\"wcustomhtml\" style=\"width: 100%\" align=\"left\">\n<h2>Need help?<\/h2>\n<p>Now you\u2019re set to impress everyone with your knowledge of how to pronounce words ending in <em>ED<\/em>! Of course, it will take a bit of practice. If you want to perfect your pronunciation of these <em>ED<\/em> words work on other pronunciation challenges you may have, make sure to sign up for <a href=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/\">SpeakUp<\/a>, a premium English speaking program that gives you tons of speaking opportunities, feedback from a professional ESL teacher, an inspiring English learning community, and a complete curriculum with a fluency guarantee!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Let&#8217;s clear up all your confusion about pronouncing English words that end in -ED. We&#8217;ll discuss the past tense, past participles and adjectives that end in ED.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":434,"featured_media":4318,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-pronunciation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.7 (Yoast SEO v21.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to pronounce words ending in ED - SpeakUp resources<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn all 3 sounds of the -ed ending of a word, and how to pronounce them correctly with a handy set of rules. 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You&#039;ll be tested in the end.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SpeakUp resources\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-26T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-09T00:47:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/files\/final-ed-sound-scaled-e1617931733848.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Anita Collins\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Anita Collins\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Anita Collins\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/#\/schema\/person\/751395e4e3199e68fcb29a357afc725b\"},\"headline\":\"How to pronounce words ending in ED\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-09-26T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-09T00:47:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/\"},\"wordCount\":1220,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"English Pronunciation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/how-to-pronounce-ed-at-the-end-of-a-word\/\",\"name\":\"How to pronounce words ending in ED - SpeakUp resources\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-09-26T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-09T00:47:58+00:00\",\"description\":\"Learn all 3 sounds of the -ed ending of a word, and how to pronounce them correctly with a handy set of rules. 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She majored in linguistics, dabbled in translation, and has been teaching students from all over the world for over a decade. She now spends each morning trying to balance her two loves: planning the next trip and spoiling her beagle. The rest of her day she spends on curriculum design and language classes, with the beagle underfoot.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/magoosh.com\/english-speaking\/author\/anita\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"How to pronounce words ending in ED - SpeakUp resources","description":"Learn all 3 sounds of the -ed ending of a word, and how to pronounce them correctly with a handy set of rules. 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